This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Spray Modeling for Outwardly-Opening Hollow-Cone Injector
Technical Paper
2016-01-0844
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The outwardly-opening piezoelectric injector is gaining popularity as a high efficient spray injector due to its precise control of the spray. However, few modeling studies have been reported on these promising injectors. Furthermore, traditional linear instability sheet atomization (LISA) model was originally developed for pressure swirl hollow-cone injectors with moderate spray angle and toroidal ligament breakups. Therefore, it is not appropriate for the outwardly-opening injectors having wide spray angles and string-like film structures. In this study, a new spray injection modeling was proposed for outwardly-opening hollow-cone injector. The injection velocities are computed from the given mass flow rate and injection pressure instead of ambiguous annular nozzle geometry. The modified Kelvin-Helmholtz and Rayleigh-Taylor (KH-RT) breakup model is used with adjusted initial Sauter mean diameter (SMD) for modeling breakup of string-like structure. Spray injection was modeled using a Lagrangian discrete parcel method within the framework of commercial CFD software CONVERGE, and the new model was implemented through the user-defined functions. A Siemens outwardly-opening hollow-cone spray injector was characterized and validated with existing experimental data at the injection pressure of 100 bar. It was found that the collision modeling becomes important in the current injector because of dense spray near nozzle. The injection distribution model showed insignificant effects on spray due to small initial droplets. It was demonstrated that the new model can predict the liquid penetration length and local SMD with improved accuracy for the injector under study.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Sim, J., Badra, J., Elwardany, A., and Im, H., "Spray Modeling for Outwardly-Opening Hollow-Cone Injector," SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-0844, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0844.Also In
References
- Lefebvre , A. Gas Turbine Combustion, Combustion: An International Series, 2 nd Edition Philadelphia Taylor & Francis 1998 1-56032-673-5
- Williams , F. A. Combustion Theory, 2 nd Edition Redwood city Addison-Wesley Publishing Company 1985 0-8053-9801-5
- Ra , Y. , Loeper , P. , Andrie , M. , Krieger , R. et al. Gasoline DICI Engine Operation in the LTC Regime Using Triple- Pulse Injection SAE Int. J. Engines 5 3 1109 1132 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1131
- Chang , J. , Kalghatgi , G. , Amer , A. , and Viollet , Y. Enabling High Efficiency Direct Injection Engine with Naphtha Fuel through Partially Premixed Charge Compression Ignition Combustion SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0677 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0677
- Chang , J. , Viollet , Y. , Amer , A. , and Kalghatgi , G. Fuel Economy Potential of Partially Premixed Compression Ignition (PPCI) Combustion with Naphtha Fuel SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-2701 2013 10.4271/2013-01-2701
- Han , Z. , Parish , S. , Farrell , P. V. , and Reitz , R. D. Modeling Atomization Processes of Pressure-Swirl Hollow-Cone Fuel Sprays Atomization and Sprays 7 6 663 684 1997 10.1615/AtomizSpr.v7.i6.70
- Schmidt , D. P. , Nouar , I. , Senecal , P. K. , Rutland , C. J. , Martin , J. K. , Reitz , R. D. , and Hoffman , J. A. Pressure-Swirl Atomization in the Near Field SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-0496 1999 10.4271/1999-01-0496
- Senecal , P. , Schmidt , D. , Nouar , I. , Rutland , C. , Reitz , R. , and Corradini , M. Modeling High-speed Viscous Liquid Sheet Atomization International Journal of Multiphase Flow 25 1073 1097 1999 10.1016/S0301-9322(99)00057-9
- Schwarz , C. , Schünemann , E. , Durst , B. , Fischer , J. , and Witt , A. Potentials of the Spray-Guided BMW DI Combustion System SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-1265 2006 10.4271/2006-01-1265
- Das , S. Fluid Dynamic Study of Hollow Cone Sprays SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0131 2008 10.4271/2008-01-0131
- Pischke , P. , Martin , D. , and Kneer , R. Combined spray model for gasoline direct injection hollow-cone sprays Atomization and sprays 20 4 345 364 2010 10.1615/AtomizSpr.v20.i4.60
- Martin , D. , Cardensa , M. , Pischke , P. , and Kneer , R. Experimental investigation of near nozzle spray structure and velocity for a GDI hollow cone spray Atomization and Sprays 20 12 1065 1076 2010 10.1615/AtomizSpr.v20.i12.40
- O’Rourke , P. Collective Drop Effects on Vaporizing Liquid Sprays Ph.D. thesis Princeton University 1981
- Post , S. L. and Abraham , J. Modeling the outcome of drop- drop collisions in Diesel sprays International Journal of Multiphase Flow 28 6 997 1019 2002 10.1016/S0301-9322(02)00007-1
- Munnannur , A. , and Reitz , R. A new predictive model for fragmenting and non-fragmenting binary droplet collisions International Journal of Multiphase Flow 33 8 873 896 2007 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2007.03.003
- Senecal , P. , Richards , K. and Pomraning , E. CONVERGE (version 2.2.0) Manual Madison, WI Convergent Science Inc. 2014
- Senecal , P. K. , Richards , K. J. , Pomraning , E. , Yang , T. , Dai , M. Z. , McDavid , R. M. , Patterson , M. A. , Hou , S. , and Shethaji , T. A New Parallel Cut-Cell Cartesian CFD Code for Rapid Grid Generation Applied to In-Cylinder Diesel Engine Simulations SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0159 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0159
- Badra , J. A. , Sim , J. , Elwardany , A. , Jaasim , M. et al. Numerical Simulations of Hollow Cone Injection and Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion with Naphtha Fuels Journal of Energy Resources Technology 2016
- Schmidt , D. P. and Rutland , C. A New Droplet Collision Algorithm Journal of Computational Physics 164 1 62 80 2000 10.1006/jcph.2000.6568