This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Analyzing In-cylinder Flow Evolution and Variations in a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Engine Using Phase-Invariant Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Technique
Technical Paper
2014-01-1174
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The preparation of fuel-air mixture and its efficient, clean, and reliable combustion in spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) engines depend to a large extend on the complex in-cylinder air flow. It has been widely recognized that the ensemble-averaged flow field provides rather limited understanding of in-cylinder air motion due to the strong cycle-to-cycle variations. In this study, time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) is utilized to measure the in-cylinder air motion in a motored single-cylinder optical engine. Then, the velocity fields from different phases (crank-angle positions during intake and compression strokes) of 200 engine cycles are analyzed using phase-invariant proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) technique. With the phase-invariant POD method, the velocity fields from different phases are decomposed into a single set of POD modes. In this manner, the POD modes can be used to represent any phase of the flow. In addition, the changes of the POD coefficients over different phases demonstrate how the flow evolves within engine cycles. Simultaneously, the coefficients from the 200 cycles for the same phase quantify the variation among different cycles. The first two phase-invariant POD modes extract the strong intake flow structures, and the third mode contains the flow structure during the compression stroke. Overall, the insight of in-cylinder flow evolution and its cycle-to-cycle variations can be further elucidated through the analysis of phase-invariant POD modes and their coefficients.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Chen, H., Xu, M., and Hung, D., "Analyzing In-cylinder Flow Evolution and Variations in a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Engine Using Phase-Invariant Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Technique," SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1174, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-1174.Also In
References
- Zhao , F. , Lai M.-C. , and Harrington D.L. Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 25 5 437 562 1999 10.1016/S0360-1285(99)00004-0
- Hill , P.G. and Zhang D. The effects of swirl and tumble on combustion in spark-ignition engines Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 20 5 373 429 1994 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-1285(94)90010-8
- Lee , K. , Bae C. , and Kang K. The effects of tumble and swirl flows on flame propagation in a four-valve S.I. engine Applied Thermal Engineering 27 11-12 2122 2130 2007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.11.011
- Mittal , M. , Hung , D. , Zhu , G. , and Schock , H. High-Speed Flow and Combustion Visualization to Study the Effects of Charge Motion Control on Fuel Spray Development and Combustion Inside a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 4 1 1469 1480 2011 10.4271/2011-01-1213
- Li , Y. , Zhao H. , Leach B. , Ma T. , and Ladommatos N. Characterization of an in-cylinder flow structure in a high-tumble spark ignition engine International Journal of Engine Research 5 5 375 400 2004 10.1243/1468087042320924
- Li , Y. , Zhao , H. , Peng , Z. , and Ladommatos , N. Analysis of Tumble and Swirl Motions in a Four-Valve SI Engine SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-3555 2001 10.4271/2001-01-3555
- Frieden , D. and Sick , V. Investigation of the Fuel Injection, Mixing and Combustion Processes in an SIDI Engine using Quasi-3D LIF Imaging SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0068 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0068
- Lumley , J.L. Engines, An Introduction 1999 Cambridge University Press
- Hung , D.L.S. , Chen H. , Xu M. , Yang J. , and Zhuang H. Experimental Investigation of the Variations of Early Flame Development in a Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection Optical Engine Proceedings of the ASME 2013 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference 2013
- Frieden , D. and Sick , V. Investigation of the Fuel Injection, Mixing and Combustion Processes in an SIDI Engine using Quasi-3D LIF Imaging SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0068 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0068
- Funk , C. , Sick , V. , Reuss , D. , and Dahm , W. Turbulence Properties of High and Low Swirl In-Cylinder Flows SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-2841 2002 10.4271/2002-01-2841
- Voisine , M. , Thomas L. , Borée J. , and Rey P. Spatio-temporal structure and cycle to cycle variations of an in-cylinder tumbling flow Experiments in Fluids 50 5 1393 1407 2011 10.1007/s00348-010-0997-7
- Liu , D. , Wang T. , Jia M. , and Wang G. Cycle-to-cycle variation analysis of in-cylinder flow in a gasoline engine with variable valve lift Experiments in Fluids 53 3 585 602 2012 10.1007/s00348-012-1314-4
- Druault , P. , Guibert P. , and Alizon F. Use of proper orthogonal decomposition for time interpolation from PIV data. Application to the cycle-to-cycle variation analysis of in-cylinder engine flows Experiments in Fluids 39 6 1009 1023 2005 10.1007/s00348-005-0035-3
- Roudnitzky , S. , Druault P. , and Guibert P. Proper orthogonal decomposition of in-cylinder engine flow into mean component, coherent structures and random Gaussian fluctuations Journal of Turbulence 7 0 1 19 2006 10.1080/14685240600806264
- Liu , K. , Haworth D. , Yang X. , and Gopalakrishnan V. Large-eddy Simulation of Motored Flow in a Two-valve Piston Engine: POD Analysis and Cycle-to-cycle Variations Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 91 2 373 403 2013 10.1007/s10494-013-9475-7
- Chen , H. , Reuss D. , and Sick V. Analysis of misfires in a direct injection engine using proper orthogonal decomposition Experiments in Fluids 51 4 1139 1151 2011 10.1007/s00348-011-1133-z
- Chen , H. , Hung D.L.S. , Xu M. , and Zhong J. Analyzing the Cycle-to-Cycle Variations of Pulsing Spray Characteristics by Means of the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Atomization and Sprays 23 7 623 641 2013 10.1615/AtomizSpr.2013007851
- Vu , T.-T. and Guibert P. Proper orthogonal decomposition analysis for cycle-to-cycle variations of engine flow. Effect of a control device in an inlet pipe Experiments in Fluids 52 6 1519 1532 2012 10.1007/s00348-012-1268-6
- Kapitza , L. , Imberdis O. , Bensler H.P. , Willand J. , and Thevenin D. An experimental analysis of the turbulent structures generated by the intake port of a DISI-engine Experiments in Fluids 48 2 265 280 2010 10.1007/s00348-009-0736-0
- Chen , H. , Reuss D.L. , Hung D.L. , and Sick V. A practical guide for using proper orthogonal decomposition in engine research International Journal of Engine Research 14 4 307 319 2013 10.1177/1468087412455748
- Chen , H. , Reuss D.L. , and Sick V. On the use and interpretation of proper orthogonal decomposition of in-cylinder engine flows Measurement Science and Technology 23 8 085302 2012 10.1088/0957-0233/23/8/085302
- Fogleman , M. , Lumley J. , Rempfer D. , and Haworth D. Application of the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition to Datasets of Internal Combustion Engine Flows Journal of Turbulence 5 2004 10.1088/1468-5248/5/1/023
- Abraham , P. , Liu K. , Haworth D. , Reuss D. , and Sick V. Evaluating Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) and High-Speed Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) with Phase-Invariant Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) Oil & Gas Science and Technology 0 0 1 19 2013 10.2516/ogst/2013126
- Bowditch , F. A New Tool for Combustion Research A Quartz Piston Engine SAE Technical Paper 610002 1961 10.4271/610002
- Chen , H. , Xu , M. , Hung , D. , Yang , J. et al. Development of a POD-Based Analysis Approach for Quantitative Comparison of Spray Structure Variations in a Spark- Ignition Direct-Injection Engine SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-2545 2013 10.4271/2013-01-2545
- Keane , R.D. and Adrian R.J. Optimization of particle image velocimeters. Part I: Double pulsed systems Measurement Science and Technology 1 11 1202 1215 1990 10.1088/0957-0233/1/11/013
- Keane , R.D. and Adrian R.J. Optimization of particle image velocimeters: II. Multiple pulsed systems Measurement Science and Technology 2 10 963 974 1991 10.1088/0957-0233/2/10/013
- Megerle , M. , Sick V. , and Reuss D.L. Measurement of digital particle image velocimetry precision using electro-optically created particle-image displacements Measurement Science and Technology 13 7 997 1005 2002 10.1088/0957-0233/13/7/305