This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Investigation to Charge Cooling Effect of Evaporation of Ethanol Fuel Directly Injected in a Gasoline Port Injection Engine
Technical Paper
2013-01-2610
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+GPI) is a new technology to make the use of ethanol fuel more effective and efficient in spark ignition engines. It takes the advantages of ethanol fuel, such as its greater latent heat of vaporization than that of gasoline fuel, to enhance the charge cooling effect and consequently to increase the compression ratio and improve the engine thermal efficiency. Experimental investigation has shown improvement in the performance of a single cylinder spark ignition engine equipped with EDI+GPI. It was inferred that the charge cooling enhanced by EDI played an important role. To investigate it, a CFD model has been developed for the experimentally tested engine. The Eulerian-Lagrangian approach and Discrete Droplet Model were used to model the evolution of the fuel sprays. The model was verified by comparing the numerical and experimental results of cylinder pressure during the intake and compression strokes. Mesh density and time step sensitivities have been tested. The verified model was used to investigate the charge cooling effect of EDI in terms of spatial and temporal distributions of cylinder temperature and fuel vapor fraction. Compared with GPI only, EDI+GPI demonstrated stronger effect on charge cooling by decreased in-cylinder temperature. The cooling effect was limited by the low evaporation rate of the ethanol fuel due to its lower saturation vapor pressure than gasoline's in low temperature conditions.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Huang, Y., Hong, G., Cheng, X., and Huang, R., "Investigation to Charge Cooling Effect of Evaporation of Ethanol Fuel Directly Injected in a Gasoline Port Injection Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-2610, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-2610.Also In
References
- Sorda , G. , Banse , M. , Kemfert , C. An Overview of Biofuel Policies Across the World Energy Policy 38 11 6977 6988 2010 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.06.066
- Fraser , N. , Blaxill , H. , Lumsden , G. , and Bassett , M. Challenges for Increased Efficiency through Gasoline Engine Downsizing SAE Int. J. Engines 2 1 991 1008 2009 10.4271/2009-01-1053
- Schifter , I. , Diaz , L. , Rodriguez , R. , Gómez , J. P. et al. Combustion and Emissions Behavior for Ethanol-gasoline Blends in a Single Cylinder Engine Fuel 90 12 3586 3592 2011 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.01.034
- Delgado , R. and Paz , S. Effect of Different Ethanol- Gasoline Blends on Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1273 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1273
- Turner , D. , Xu , H. , Cracknell , R. F. , Natarajan , V. et al. Combustion Performance of Bio-ethanol at Various Blend Ratios in a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Fuel 90 5 1999 2006 2011 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.12.025
- Hsieh , W. D. , Chen , R. H. , Wu , T. L. , Lin , T. H. Engine Performance and Pollutant Emission of an SI Engine Using Ethanol-gasoline Blended Fuels Atmospheric Environment 36 3 403 410 2002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00508-8
- Zhuang , Y. , Hong , G. Primary Investigation to Leveraging Effect of Using Ethanol Fuel on Reducing Gasoline Fuel Consumption Fuel 105 0 425 431 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.09.013
- Wu , X. , Daniel , R. , Tian , G. , Xu , H. et al. Dual-injection: The flexible, bi-fuel concept for spark-ignition engines fuelled with various gasoline and biofuel blends Applied Energy 88 7 2305 2314 2011 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.025
- Stein , R. , House , C. , and Leone , T. Optimal Use of E85 in a Turbocharged Direct Injection Engine SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 670 682 2009 10.4271/2009-01-1490
- Cohn , D. R. , Bromberg , L. , Heywood , J. Fuel Management System for Variable Ethanol Octane Enhancement of Gasoline Engines US Patent 2010175659 15 July 2010
- Yaws , C. L. Yaws' Handbook of Thermodynamic and Physical Properties of Chemical Compounds Knovel 2003
- Kar , K. , Last , T. , Haywood , C. , and Raine , R. Measurement of Vapor Pressures and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Gasoline and Ethanol Blends and Their Effects on Mixture Preparation in an SI Engine SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 132 144 2008 10.4271/2008-01-0317
- Tian , G. , Daniel , R. , Li , H. , Xu , H. et al. Laminar Burning Velocities of 2,5-Dimethylfuran Compared with Ethanol and Gasoline Energy & Fuels 24 7 3898 3905 2010 10.1021/ef100452c
- Anderson , W. , Yang , J. , Brehob , D. , Vallance , J. et al. Understanding the Thermodynamics of Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) Combustion Systems: An Analytical and Experimental Investigation SAE Technical Paper 962018 1996 10.4271/962018
- Price , P. , Twiney , B. , Stone , R. , Kar , K. et al. Particulate and Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Spray Guided Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engine with Oxygenate Fuel Blends SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0472 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0472
- Ahn , K. , Yilmaz , H. , Stefanopoulou , A. , and Jiang , L. Ethanol Content Estimation in Flex Fuel Direct Injection Engines Using In-Cylinder Pressure Measurements SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0166 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0166
- Wyszynski , L. , Stone , C. , and Kalghatgi , G. The Volumetric Efficiency of Direct and Port Injection Gasoline Engines with Different Fuels SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0839 2002 10.4271/2002-01-0839
- Kasseris , E. and Heywood , J. Charge Cooling Effects on Knock Limits in SI DI Engines Using Gasoline/Ethanol Blends: Part 1-Quantifying Charge Cooling SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1275 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1275
- Kasseris , E. and Heywood , J. Charge Cooling Effects on Knock Limits in SI DI Engines Using Gasoline/Ethanol Blends: Part 2-Effective Octane Numbers SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 5 2 844 854 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1284
- Stein , R. , Polovina , D. , Roth , K. , Foster , M. et al. Effect of Heat of Vaporization, Chemical Octane, and Sensitivity on Knock Limit for Ethanol - Gasoline Blends SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 5 2 823 843 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1277
- Srivastava , S. , Schock , H. , Jaberi , F. , and Hung , D. Numerical Simulation of a Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition Engine with Different Fuels SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-0325 2009 10.4271/2009-01-0325
- Suzzi , D. , Radl , S. , Khinast , J. G. Local Analysis of the Tablet Coating Process: Impact of Operation Conditions on Film Quality Chemical Engineering Science 65 21 5699 5715 2010 10.1016/j.ces.2010.07.007
- Pulkrabek , W. W. Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1997
- ANSYS FLUENT User's Guide 2012
- Bracco , F. V. Modeling of Engine Sprays 850394 1985
- Jiang , X. , Siamas , G. A. , Jagus , K. , Karayiannis , T. G. Physical Modelling and Advanced Simulations of Gas-liquid Two-phase Jet Flows in Atomization and Sprays Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 36 2 131 167 2010 10.1016/j.pecs.2009.09.002
- Henriot , S. , Bouyssounnouse , D. , and Baritaud , T. Port Fuel Injection and Combustion Simulation of a Racing Engine SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-1845 2003 10.4271/2003-01-1845
- Ishikawa , N. , Hiraide , A. , and Takabayashi , T. Air/Fuel Distribution Simulation in a Port Injected Gasoline Lean-burn Engine SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-1230 2001 10.4271/2001-01-1230
- Baumgarten , C. Mixture Formation in Internal Combustion Engines Berlin Springer c2006 2006
- Kiura , T. , Shedd , T. , and Blaser , B. Investigation of Spray Evaporation and Numerical Model Applied for Fuel- injection Small Engines SAE Int. J. Engines 1 1 1402 1409 2008 10.4271/2008-32-0064
- Li , H. , li , C. , Ma , X. , TU , P. et al. Numerical Study of DMF and Gasoline Spray and Mixture Preparation in a GDI Engine SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1592 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1592
- Matsumoto , A. , Moore , W. , Lai , M. , Zheng , Y. et al. Spray Characterization of Ethanol Gasoline Blends and Comparison to a CFD Model for a Gasoline Direct Injector SAE Int. J. Engines 3 1 402 425 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0601
- Gao , J. , Jiang , D. , Huang , Z. Spray Properties of Alternative Fuels: A Comparative Analysis of Ethanol-Gasoline Blends and Gasoline Fuel 86 10-11 1645 1650 2007 10.1016/j.fuel.2006.11.013
- Oh , H. , Bae , C. , and Min , K. Spray and Combustion Characteristics of Ethanol Blended Gasoline in a Spray Guided DISI Engine under Lean Stratified Operation SAE Int. J. Engines 3 2 213 222 2010 10.4271/2010-01-2152
- Chato , M. , Fukuda , S. , Sato , K. , Fujikawa , T. et al. Fuel Spray Evaporation and Mixture Formation Processes of Ethanol/Gasoline Blend Injected by Hole-Type Nozzle for DISI Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 5 4 1836 1846 2012 10.4271/2012-32-0018