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Body Join Drilling for One-Up-Assembly
Abstract:
Over 1,200 large diameter holes must be drilled into the side-of-body join on a Boeing commercial aircraft's fuselage. The material stack-ups are multiple layers of primarily titanium and CFRP. Due to assembly constraints, the holes must be drilled for one-up-assembly (no disassembly for deburr).
In order to improve productivity, reduce manual drilling processes and improve first-time hole quality, Boeing set out to automate the drilling process in their Side-of-Body join cell. Implementing an automated solution into existing assembly lines was complicated by the location of the target area, which is over 15 feet (4 meters) above the factory floor.
The Side-of-Body Drilling machines (Figure 1) are capable of locating, drilling, measuring and fastening holes with less than 14 seconds devoted to non-drilling operations. Drilling capabilities provided for holes up to ¾″ in diameter through stacks over 4.5″ thick in a titanium/CFRP environment. Using high precision servo control, each layer could be customized with specific drill parameters optimized to improve hole quality and decrease drill cycle time. Drill life was improved by tracking depth drilled for each drill bit.
The drilling process is stabilized by rigid support structure which is optimized for both stiffness and natural frequency resulting in deflections no greater than 0.020 inches. Each drilling machine is light-weight and mobile to accommodate multiple work zones in multiple assembly lines. One-up assembly was achieved by using custom doweling/clamping fasteners automatically installed by the machine in strategic locations to provide the proper part clamping.