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Effect of Ultra-Cooled EGR and Retarded Injection Timing on Low Temperature Combustion in CI Engines
Technical Paper
2013-01-0321
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
In this work, optimization of various parameters, such as
injection timing, compression ratio (CR) and amount of ultra-cooled
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) has been done for a variable
compression ratio engine. The CR can be adjusted dynamically by
changing the clearance volume through a tilting cylinder block
arrangement. An EGR system, suitable for achieving ultra-cooled as
well as treated EGR and large range of flow rates, has been
implemented. Taguchi analysis was employed to carry out minimum
number of experimental runs and still get the essence of large
number of test cases. Effect of these parameters on engine
performance and exhaust emissions has also been studied with the
help of signal to noise (SN) ratio analysis. Flatter and wider HRR
traces were observed in previous work of Brijesh et al., indicating
a low temperature combustion (LTC) mode for the runs having
optimized input parameters. Simultaneous reduction of
NOx and PM were achieved for runs with optimized
parameters in the first stage, but HC and CO emissions were
slightly higher compared to the base run.
During the current study, second stage of optimization has been
carried out for further reduction in emissions with improved
performance. Combination of input parameters selected for run 4 of
second stage optimization, i.e., -15 CAD aTDC injection timing, 18
CR, 220 bar injection pressure and 25% ultra-cooled EGR seems to be
the optimum set of operating parameters for this engine. LTC mode
has been achieved with these optimum operating parameters. Brake
thermal efficiency was also improved by around 12% compared to that
with the base operating parameters. The optimization method
indicates that LTC achieved by the combination of retarded
injection timings and moderate rate of ultra-cooled EGR, also
provides better efficiency even with low injection pressure (~ 220
bar). Increase in HC and CO emissions had been reported as a major
issue with LTC in various literatures. But in the present work,
reduction in CO and only a slight increase in HC emissions were
observed even with LTC mode of combustion. It was mainly possible
due to moderate use of ultra-cooled EGR. Compared to conventional
EGR, lower amounts of ultra-cooled EGR were sufficient to achieve
similar reduction in NOx and PM with reduced HC, CO. Use
of ultra-cooled EGR is beneficial in achieving LTC even at higher
load conditions. Additionally, decrease in pressure rise rate (PRR)
and hence engine noise was also observed.
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Citation
Brijesh, P., Chowdhury, A., and Sreedhara, S., "Effect of Ultra-Cooled EGR and Retarded Injection Timing on Low Temperature Combustion in CI Engines," SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-0321, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0321.Also In
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