This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Effects of the Biodiesel Fuel Physical Properties on the Swirl Stabilised Spray Combustion Characteristics
Technical Paper
2012-01-1724
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
An increasin g interest in biofuel applications in modern engines requires a better understanding of biodiesel combustion behaviour. Many numerical studies have been carried out on unsteady combustion of biodiesel in situations similar to diesel engines, but very few studies have been done on the steady combustion of biodiesel in situations similar to a gas turbine combustor environment. The study of biodiesel spray combustion in gas turbine applications is of special interest due to the possible use of biodiesel in the power generation and aviation industries. In modelling spray combustion, an accurate representation of the physical properties of the fuel is a first important step, since spray formation is largely influenced by fuel properties such as viscosity, density, surface tension and vapour pressure. In the present work, a calculated biodiesel properties database based on the measured composition of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) has been implemented in a multi-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) spray simulation code. Simulations of non-reacting and reacting atmospheric-pressure sprays of both diesel and biodiesel have been carried out using a spray burner configuration for which experimental data is available. A pre-defined droplet size probability density function (pdf) has been implemented together with droplet dynamics based on phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) measurements in the near-nozzle region. The gas phase boundary condition for the reacting spray cases is similar to that of the experiment which employs a plain air-blast atomiser and a straight-vane axial swirler for flame stabilisation. A reaction mechanism for heptane has been used to represent the chemistry for both diesel and biodiesel. Simulated flame heights, spray characteristics and gas phase velocities have been found to compare well with the experimental results. In the reacting spray cases, biodiesel shows a smaller mean droplet size compared to that of diesel at a constant fuel mass flow rate. A lack of sensitivity towards different fuel properties has been observed based on the non-reacting spray simulations, which indicates a need for improved models of secondary breakup. By comparing the results of the non-reacting and reacting spray simulations, an improvement in the complexity of the physical modelling is achieved which is necessary in the understanding of the complex physical processes involved in spray combustion simulation.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Mohd Yasin, M., Cant, S., Chong, C., and Hochgreb, S., "Effects of the Biodiesel Fuel Physical Properties on the Swirl Stabilised Spray Combustion Characteristics," SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1724, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1724.Also In
References
- Chong, C. Hochgreb, S. “Combustion Characteristics of Alternative Liquid Fuels,” PhD thesis Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge Cambridge 2011
- Chong, C. Hochgreb, S. “Spray Combustion Characteristics of Palm Biodiesel,” Combustion Science and Technology in press 2012
- Hashimoto, N. Ozawa, Y. Mori, N. Yuri, I. Hisamatsu, T. “Fundamental combustion characteristics of palm methyl ester (PME) as alternative fuel for gas turbines,” Fuel 87 15-16 3373 3378 2008 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.06.005
- Panchasara, H. V. Simmons, B.M. Agrawal, A.K. Spear, S.K. Daly, D.T. “Combustion Performance of Biodiesel and Diesel-Vegetable Oil Blends in a Simulated Gas Turbine Burner,” Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 131 3 2009 10.1115/1.2982137
- Yamane, K. Ueta, A. Shimamoto, Y. “Influence of physical and chemical properties of biodiesel fuels on injection, combustion and exhaust emission characteristics in a direct injection compression engine,” International Journal of Engine Research 2 4 249 261 2001 10.1243/1468087011545460
- Bolszo, C. Mcdonell, V. Samuelsen, S. “Impact of biodiesel on fuel preparation and emissions for a liquid fired gas turbine engine,” ASME Turbo Expo Canada May 14 17 2007
- Bolszo, C. McDonell, V. “Emissions optimization of a biodiesel fired gas turbine,” 33rd Symposium (International) on Combustion Canada Aug 3 8 2009
- Sequera, D. Agrawal, K. Scott, K. Daniel, T. “Combustion performance of liquid bio-fuels in a swirl stabilized burner,” ASME Turbo Expo Canada May 14 17 2007
- Chong, C. Hochgreb, S. “Measurements of laminar flame speeds of liquid fuels: Jet-A1, diesel, palm methyl esters and blends using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV),” Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 33 1 979 986 2011 10.1016/j.proci.2010.05.106
- Jha, S. Fernando, S. To, S. “Flame temperature analysis of biodiesel blends and components,” Fuel 87 10-11 1982 1988 2008 10.1016/j.fuel.2007.10.026
- Prashanth, K. Matthias, K. Veltman, K. Song Charng, K. “Characteristics of Engine Emissions Using Biodiesel Blends in Low-Temperature Combustion Regimes,” Energy & Fuels 22 6 3763 3770 2008 10.1021/ef8004493
- Som, S. Longman, D.E. Ramíirez, A.I. Aggarwal, S.K. “A comparison of injector flow and spray characteristics of biodiesel with petrodiesel,” Fuel 89 12 4014 4024 2010 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.05.004
- Rochaya, D. “Numerical Simulation of Spray Combustion using Bio-mass Derived Liquid Fuels,” PhD thesis School of Mechanical Engineering, Cranfield University Cranfield 2007
- Yuan, W. “Computational modeling of NOx emission from biodiesel combustion based on accurate fuel properties.,” PhD thesis Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champagne 2005
- Brakora, J. Ra, Y. Reitz, R. McFarlane, J. et al. “Development and Validation of a Reduced Reaction Mechanism for Biodiesel-Fueled Engine Simulations,” SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 675 702 2009 10.4271/2008-01-1378
- Dirbude, S. Eswaran, V. Kushari, A. “Droplet vaporization modeling of rapeseed and sunflower methyl esters,” Fuel 92 1 171 179 2011 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.07.030
- Barata, J. “Modelling of biofuel droplets dispersion and evaporation,” Renewable Energy 33 4 769 779 2008 10.1016/j.renene.2007.04.019
- Ra, Y. Reitz, R. McFarlane, J. Daw, C. “Effects of Fuel Physical Properties on Diesel Engine Combustion using Diesel and Bio-diesel Fuels,” SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 703 718 2009 10.4271/2008-01-1379
- Choi, C. Reitz, R. D. “A numerical analysis of the emissions characteristics of biodiesel blended fuels,” Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 121 1 31 37 1999
- Yuan, W. Hansen, A. C. “Computational investigation of the effect of biodiesel fuel properties on diesel engine NOx emissions,” International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2 2 41 48 2009 10.3965/j.issn.1934-6344.2009.02.041-048
- Yuan, W. Hansen, A. C. Zhang, Q. “Predicting the physical properties of biodiesel for combustion modeling,” Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 46 6 1487 1493 2003
- Huber, M. Perkins, R.A. “Thermal conductivity correlations for minor constituent fluids in natural gas: n-octane, n-nonane and n-decane,” Fluid Phase Equilibria 227 1 47 55 2005 10.1016/j.fluid.2004.10.031
- Fisher, E. M. Pitz, W. J. Curran, H. J. Westbrook, C. K. “Detailed chemical kinetic mechanism for combustion of oxygenated fuels,” Symposium (International) on Combustion United Kingdom July 30 Aug 4 2000
- Som, S. Longman, D. E. “Numerical Study Comparing the Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel to Petrodiesel,” Energy & Fuels 25 4 1373 1386 2011 10.1021/ef101438u
- Cha, C. Zhu, J. Rizk, K. Anand, S. “A comprehensive liquid fuel injection model for CFD simulations of gas turbine combustors,” AIAA / ASME / ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibition United States Jan 10 13 2005
- Rizk, K. “Fuel Atomization Effects on Combustor Performance,” AIAA / ASME / ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibition United States July 11 14 2004
- Crocker, D. Widmann, J. Presser, C. “CFD modeling and comparison with data fromthe NIST reference spray combustor,” American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Heat Transfer Division 4 369 81 90 2001
- Benjumea, P. Ji, Agudelo Agudelo, A. “Basic properties of palm oil biodiesel and diesel blends,” Fuel 87 10-11 2069 2075 2008 10.1016/j.fuel.2007.11.004
- Goos, E. Burcat, A. Ruscic, B. “Burcat database,” ftp://ftp.technion.ac.il/pub/supported/aetdd/thermodynamics/ Mar. 2012
- Karrholm, P. “Numerical Modelling of Diesel Spray Injection, Turbulence Interaction and Combustion.,” PhD thesis Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg 2008
- Westbrook, C. K. Dryer, F. L. “Simplified Reaction Mechanisms for the Oxidation of Hydrocarbon Fuels in Flames,” Combustion Science and Technology 27 1-2 31 43 1981
- O'Rourke, P. Amsden, A. “The Tab Method for Numerical Calculation of Spray Droplet Breakup,” SAE Technical Paper 872089 1987 10.4271/872089
- Beer, J. Chigier, N.A. “Combustion Aerodynamics,” Krieger Florida 1st 1972
- Widmann, J. Charagundla, S. Presser, C. “Reference Spray Combustion Facility for Computational Fluid Dynamics Model Validation,” Journal of Propulsion and Power 16 4 720 723 2000 10.2514/2.5634
- Widmann, J. Presser, C. Giridharan, M. Crocker, D. “Issues related to spray combustion modelling validation,” AIAA Aerospaces Sciences Meeting & Exhibition United States Jan 8 11 2001
- Crowe, C. Sommerfeld, M. Tsuju, Y. “Multiphase flows with droplets and particles,” CRC Press Boca Raton 1998
- Preaux, G. Lasheras, J.C. Hopfinger, H.J. “Atomization of a liquid jet by a high momentum coaxial swirling gas jet.,” 3rd International Conference of Multiphase Flow France Nov 25 1998