This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Combustion Studies with FACE Diesel Fuels: A Literature Review
Journal Article
2012-01-1688
ISSN: 1946-3936, e-ISSN: 1946-3944
Sector:
Topic:
Citation:
Kim, J., Sluder, C., and Wagner, R., "Combustion Studies with FACE Diesel Fuels: A Literature Review," SAE Int. J. Engines 5(4):1648-1660, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1688.
Language:
English
Abstract:
The CRC Fuels for Advanced Combustion Engines (FACE) Working
Group has provided a matrix of experimental diesel fuels for use in
studies on the effects of three parameters, Cetane number (CN),
aromatics content, and 90 vol% distillation temperature (T90), on
combustion and emissions characteristics of advanced combustion
strategies. Various types of fuel analyses and engine experiments
were performed in well-known research institutes. This paper
reviews a collection of research findings obtained with these nine
fuels.
An extensive collection of analyses were performed by members of
the FACE working group on the FACE diesel fuels as a means of
aiding in understanding the linkage between fuel properties and
combustion and emissions performance. These analyses included
non-traditional chemical techniques as well as established ASTM
tests. In a few cases, both ASTM tests and advanced analyses agreed
that some design variables differed from their target values when
the fuels were produced.
This review summarizes six collective engine experimental
studies performed with FACE fuels with various types of engines
under a range of conditions. Engine experiments under various
operating conditions were performed with a 0.517-liter HCCI
single-cylinder engine (SCE) and 4-cylinder 1.9-liter high-speed
direct-injection (HSDI) diesel engine at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory (ORNL), 0.744-liter DI diesel SCE at Navistar, and
2.44-liter DI diesel SCE and Cooperative Fuel Research (CFR) engine
at National Research Council Canada (NRCC). The engine operating
conditions of the six experimental programs can be categorized into
one conventional diesel combustion (CDC), two homogeneous-charge
compression ignition (HCCI), and three low-temperature combustion
(LTC) modes. All six programs agreed that CN exhibited the
strongest impacts on both combustion and emissions among the three
design variables. As expected lower CN fuels exhibited longer
ignition delay, which provided longer mixing periods. However,
effects of aromatics were rather inconsistent in the engine
experiments. In the HCCI studies higher aromatics fuels exhibited
higher soot but little effect on NOx. In the two LTC studies higher
aromatics and lower CN fuels exhibited higher NOX, whereas the
aromatic impact on soot production was negligible. T90 effects were
similar to those of CN, but at a lesser magnitude. Higher T90 fuels
exhibited longer ignition delay in all experiments.