This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Effect of Various Petrol-Ethanol Blends on Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption of an Unmodified Light-Duty SI Vehicle
Technical Paper
2011-24-0177
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Due to limited fossil fuel resources and a need to reduce
anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, biofuel usage is increasing in
multiple markets. Ethanol produced from the fermentation of biomass
has been of interest as a potential partial replacement for
petroleum for some time; for spark-ignition engines, bioethanol is
the alternative fuel which is currently of greatest interest. At
present, the international market for ethanol fuel consists of E85
fuel (with 85 percent ethanol content), as well as lower
concentrations of ethanol in petrol for use in standard vehicles
(E5, E10). The impact of different petrol-ethanol blends on exhaust
emissions from unmodified vehicles remains under investigation. The
potential for reduced exhaust emissions, improved security of fuel
supply and more sustainable fuel production makes work on the
production and usage of ethanol and its blends an increasingly
important research topic. This paper evaluates the possibility of
using petrol-ethanol blends in a modern Euro 4 vehicle without
substantial engine modification. The influence of different
quantities of ethanol in petrol blends (E5, E10, E25, E50 and E85)
on the emission measurement of the gaseous pollutants carbon
monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen
(NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) for a passenger car were
analyzed over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) on a chassis
dynamometer.
The results obtained revealed that exhaust emissions are
affected by the proportion of ethanol in the blend. Engine-out
emissions of HC, CO and NOx were found to vary
significantly with the blend used. Fuel injection time, engine-out
and exhaust temperatures and the efficiency of the aftertreatment
system were all also found to vary from blend to blend. Fuel
consumption increased approximately in line with blend energetic
content for all blends, apart from when running on E85.
The experimental work presented in this paper was performed as
part of a test program evaluating biofuels' influence on
light-duty petrol engines for passenger cars and light commercial
vehicles.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Bielaczyc, P., Szczotka, A., and Woodburn, J., "The Effect of Various Petrol-Ethanol Blends on Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption of an Unmodified Light-Duty SI Vehicle," SAE Technical Paper 2011-24-0177, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-24-0177.Also In
References
- Goldemburg, J. Ethanol for a Sustainable Energy Future Science 315 5813 808 810 2007
- Demirbas, A. Emission Characteristics of Gasohol and Diesohol Energy Sources, Part A 31 1099 1104 2009
- Directive 2009/30/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 Official Journal of the European Union 5 6 2009 L140 88 113
- Vilardo, J. Arters, D. Corkwell, K. Cerda de Groote, C. “A Comprehensive Examination of the Effect of Ethanol-Blended Gasoline on Intake Valve Deposits in Spark-Ignited Engines,” SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-3995 2007 10.4271/2007-01-3995
- Chiba, F. Ichinose, H. Morita, K. Yoshioka, M. et al. “High Concentration Ethanol Effect on SI Engine Emission,” SAE Int. J. Engines 3 1 1033 1041 2010 10.4271/2010-01-1268
- Eyidogan, M. et al. Impact of alcohol-gasoline fuel blends on the performance and combustion characteristics of an SI engine Fuel 89 2713 2720 2010
- Negurescu, N. et al. Aspects of Using Ethanol in SI Engines Fisita paper F2006P294 2006
- Niven, R.K. Ethanol in gasoline: environmental impacts and sustainability review Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 9 535 555 2005
- Intensive Field Trial of Ethanol/Petrol Blend in Vehicles Energy Research & Development Corporation Project No. 2511 1998
- Bielaczyc, P. et al. The alternative fuels powertrain technology evolution Polish Society of Combustion Engines paper PTNSS-2009-SC-162 2009
- Bayraktar, H. Experimental and theoretical investigation of using gasoline-ethanol blends in spark-ignition engines Renewable Energy 30 1733 1747 2005
- Ertekin, A. Sridhar, N. Performance of Elastomeric Materials in Gasoline - Ethanol Blends - A Review NACE 2009 Corrosion Conference and Expo 2009
- Ambrozin, A.R.P. Kuri, S.E. Corrosão Metálica Associada ao Uso de Combustiveis Minerais e Biocombustiveis Quimica Nova 32 7 1910 1916 2009
- Technical Assessment of the Feasibility of Introducing E15 Blended Fuel in U.S. Vehicle Fleet, 1994 to 2000 Model Years Ricardo project FE405 2010
- Bergstrom, K. Jones, C. The New Ecotech Turbo Biopower Engine from GM Powertrain EAEC paper 2009
- Durbin, T.D. et al. Effects of Ethanol and Volatility Parameters on Exhaust Emissions CRC Project No. E-67 2006
- Dias de Oliveira, M.E. et al. Ethanol as Fuel: Energy, Carbon Dioxide Balances, and Ecological Footprint Bioscience 55 7 2005
- Hochhauser, A. “Review of Prior Studies of Fuel Effects on Vehicle Emissions,” SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2 1 541 567 2009 10.4271/2009-01-1181
- Naidenko, O. V. Ethanol-Gasoline Fuel Blends May Cause Human Health Risks and Engine Issues Environmental Working Group Review 2009
- Graham, L.A. et al. Emissions from light duty gasoline vehicles operating on low blend ethanol gasoline and E85 Atmospheric Environment 42 4498 4516 2008
- Review of fuel ethanol impacts on local air quality Bioethanol for Sustainable Transport report No. D9.14 2008
- Yusaf, T. et al. Theoretical and experimental investigation of SI engine performance and exhaust emissions using ethanol-gasoline blended fuels 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE2009) 7-8 December 2009 Malacca, Malaysia
- Agarwal, A.K. Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 33 233 271 2007
- Bielaczyc, P. Szczotka, A. Woodburn, J. Development of vehicle exhaust emission testing methods - BOSMAL's new emission testing laboratory Combustion Engines 144 3 12 2011
- Parag, S. et al. Emissions from ethanol blended fossil fuel flames Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 35 1 96 104 2011
- Directive 98/69/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 1998
- Turner, J. Pearson, R. Holland, B. Peck, R. “Alcohol-Based Fuels in High Performance Engines,” SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0056 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0056
- Roberts, M.C. E85 and fuel efficiency: An empirical analysis of 2007 EPA test data Energy Policy 36 3 1233 1235 2008