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The Secondary Organic Carbon (SOC) Formation from a CRDI Automotive Diesel Engine Exhaust
Technical Paper
2011-01-0642
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
Condensed soot coming out of vehicular exhaust is commonly
classified as organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). OC can
be directly emitted to the atmosphere in the particulate form
(primary carbon) from the tailpipe or can be produced by
gas-to-particle conversion process (secondary organic carbon, SOC).
Under typical atmospheric dilution conditions, most of the
semi-volatile material is present in the form of soot. SOC holds
wider implications in terms of their adverse health and climate
impact. Diesel exhaust is environmentally reactive and it has long
been understood that the ambient interaction of exhaust
hydrocarbons and NOx results in the formation of ozone
and other potentially toxic secondary organic carbon species.
The current emission norms look at the primary emissions from
the engine exhaust. Also, research efforts are geared towards
controlling the emissions of primary carbon. However the secondary
organic carbon produced as a result of gas-to-particle conversion
upon mixing of gaseous tailpipe emissions with the ambient air in
presence of sunlight is also of significant importance. Therefore
evaluation of gaseous emissions from engine exhausts using an
artificial photochemical chamber mimicking the atmospheric
conditions can serve as an important tool to assess the potential
adverse health impact of secondary engine emissions. A modern
common rail direct injection engine has been chosen as the emission
source for the current investigation using mineral diesel. The main
objective of this study was to look at the ratio or percentage
change between the primary and secondary tailpipe emissions with
focus on SOC using diesel fuel at different engine load conditions
using an optimized photochemical chamber. Through these
experiments, an attempt has been made to investigate the SOC yield
from diesel-fuelled CRDI engine under fairly moderate ageing
conditions for different load conditions at rated engine speed. The
ageing of exhaust emission was done for RH varying from 40-60% and
temperature range of 35-40°C. Primary emissions of OC, EC and PAHs
increased in diesel exhaust with increasing engine load. With
increase in engine load, rate of primary EC emissions is higher
than rate of increase of OC emissions. Particle bound PAHs
increases by an order of magnitude after ageing, which indicates
that the toxic potential of diesel engine exhaust might increase an
order of magnitude even under moderate ageing conditions.
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Citation
Gupta, T., Dixit, N., Agarwal, A., and Gupta, S., "The Secondary Organic Carbon (SOC) Formation from a CRDI Automotive Diesel Engine Exhaust," SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0642, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-0642.Also In
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