This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Effect of Water Depth and Translational Velocity on Tire Force and Moment Characteristics
Technical Paper
2010-01-0770
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
It is well known that tire force and moment properties are affected by numerous design variables such as tire size, type, compounding, and construction. It is also true that environmental conditions such as rain, snow, or road surface type can alter the cornering capacity of a tire. In this study, specific environmental parameters related to water on the roadway are varied to study the effects on the force and moment properties of modern radial tires. The parameters under study included translational velocity and water depth during standard sweep testing at two different vertical loads.
The force and moment characteristics of seven different tires were tested at the Calspan Tire Research Facility in Buffalo, New York. The slip angle sweep tests were conducted on the Flat Trac tire machine at various belt speeds, normal loads, and water depths. The tires were selected such that there were a variety of different makes, brands, sizes, designs consisting of P-metric and LT (Light Truck), as well as tread designs (i.e. all season and all terrain). The test data was processed and plotted to scientifically analyze tire performance characteristics such as saturated lateral force, cornering stiffness, aligning stiffness, loaded radius, and overturning moment properties. A least squares curve fit as well as a Pacejka model were then evaluated to see if tire force and moment properties on wet surfaces could be predicted from dry surface performance data.
The results of this study show that belt speed, normal load, and water depth do have a significant effect on tire force and moment properties for all tires evaluated. The test data documents numerically how these environmental changes affect the ability of the tires to generate forces and moments. This study also confirms that attempting to simulate tire force and moment properties for conditions of various water depths from dry road force and moment experimental data may not be accurate enough for vehicle dynamics simulations.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | Effect of Aging on Tire Force and Moment Characteristics |
| Journal Article | The True Definition and Measurement of Oversteer and Understeer |
| Technical Paper | Wheel Fight Objective Metric Development |
Authors
Topic
Citation
Dinges, J., Tandy, D., Hanba, S., and Bae, J., "Effect of Water Depth and Translational Velocity on Tire Force and Moment Characteristics," SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0770, 2010, https://doi.org/10.4271/2010-01-0770.Also In
Tire and Wheel Technology and Vehicle Dynamics and Handling, 2010
Number: SP-2261; Published: 2010-04-13
Number: SP-2261; Published: 2010-04-13
References
- Blythe, W. Day, T. “Single Vehicle Wet Road Loss of Control; Effects of Tire Tread Depth and Placement,” Society of Automotive Engineers 2002
- Gillespie, T.D. “Fundamentals of Vehicle Dynamics,” SAE International Warrendale, PA 978-1-56091-199-9 1992
- Salaani, M.K. Heydinger, G.J. Grygier, P.A. “Measurement and Modeling of Tire Forces on a Low Coefficient Surface,” SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0559 2006
- Pacejka, H.B. “Tire and Vehicle Dynamics, Second Edition,” SAE International Warrendale, PA 978-0-7680-1702-1 2005
- Navin, F. “Hydroplaning and Accident Reconstruction,” SAE Technical Paper 950138 1995
- Yeager, R.W. Tuttle, J.L. “Testing and Analysis of Tire Hydroplaning,” SAE Technical Paper 720471 1972
- Wong, J.Y. “Mechanics of Pneumatic Tires,” Theory of Ground Vehicles Third John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Danvers, MA 2001
- Cleveland, W.S. Devlin, S.J. “Locally-Weighted Regression: An Approach to Regression Analysis by Local Fitting” Journal of the American Statisitcal Assocation 83 403 596 610