This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
An Experimental Investigation of the Origin of Increased NO x Emissions When Fueling a Heavy-Duty Compression-Ignition Engine with Soy Biodiesel
Journal Article
2009-01-1792
ISSN: 1946-3952, e-ISSN: 1946-3960
Sector:
Topic:
Citation:
Mueller, C., Boehman, A., and Martin, G., "An Experimental Investigation of the Origin of Increased NOx Emissions When Fueling a Heavy-Duty Compression-Ignition Engine with Soy Biodiesel," SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2(1):789-816, 2009, https://doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-1792.
Language:
English
References
- “Standard Specification for Bio diesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels, ” ASTM International Specification: ASTM D 6751 2008
- Graboski M.S. McCormick R.L. “Combustion of Fat and Vegetable Oil Derived Fuels in Diesel Engines, ” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 24 125 164 1998
- Aatola, H. Larmi, M. Sarjovaara, T. Mikkonen, S. “Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) as a Renewable Diesel Fuel: Trade-off between NO x , Particulate Emission, and Fuel Consumption of a Heavy Duty Engine, ” SAE Int. J. Engines 1 1 1251 1262 2008
- Lapuerta M. Armas O. Rodríguez-Fernández J. “Effect of Biodiesel Fuels on Diesel Engine Emissions, ” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci . 34 198 223 2008
- Knothe G. “Designer' Biodiesel: Optimizing Fatty Ester Composition to Improve Fuel Properties, ” Energy & Fuels 22 1358 1364 2008
- Andreae M. Fang H. Bhandary K. “Biodiesel and Fuel Dilution of Engine Oil, ” SAE Paper 2007-01-4036 2007
- The Biodiesel Handbook Knothe G. Krahl J. Van Gerpen J. AOCS Press Champaign, IL 2005
- “National Biodiesel Board, ” 2009. Online source, http://www.biodiesel.org . Accessed Jan. 9 2009
- “Annual Energy Review 2007, ” US Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration Report: DOE/EIA-0384, 2008. Online source, http://www.eia.doe.gov/aer/ . Accessed Jan. 9 2009
- Durrett T.P. Benning C. Ohlrogge J. “Plant Triacylglycerols as Feedstocks for the Production of Bio fuels, ” Plant J . 54 593 607 2008
- Searchinger T. Heimlich R. Houghton R.A. Dong F. Elobeid A. Fabiosa J. Tokgoz S. Hayes D. Yu T.-H. “Use of U.S. Croplands for Bio fuels Increases Greenhouse Gases Through Emissions from Land-Use Change, ” Science 319 1238 1240 2008
- Hu Q. Sommerfeld M. Jarvis E. Ghirardi M. Posewitz M. Seibert M. Darzins A. “Microalgal Triacylglycerols as Feedstocks for Biofuel Production: Perspectives and Advances, ” Plant J . 54 621 639 2008
- Sheehan J. Dunahay T. Benemann J. Roessler P. “A Look Back at the U.S. Department of Energy's Aquatic Species Program: Biodiesel from Algae, ” National Renewable Energy Laboratory Report: NREL/TP-580-24190 1998
- Howell S. Technical Director of the National Biodiesel Board, personal communication in email dated Feb. 27 2009
- “Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Low Emission Diesel Standards” Texas Administrative Code, Title 30, Part 1, §114.312(f) May 17 2006 Online source, http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/imple mentation/air/sip/cleandiesel.html . Accessed Feb. 27 2009
- “Standards for Diesel Fuel” California Code of Regulations, Title 13, Div. 3, Ch. 5, Art. 2, §2282(g)(5)(A) Aug. 14 2004 Online source, http://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/diesel/diesel.htm . Accessed Feb. 27 2009
- Cheng A.S. Upatnieks A. Mueller C.J. “Investigation of the Impact of Biodiesel Fuelling on NO x Emissions Using an Optical Direct Injection Diesel Engine, ” Int. J. Engine Res . 7 297 318 2006
- Eckerle, W.A. Lyford-Pike, E.J. Stanton, D.W. LaPointe, L.A. et al. “Effects of Methyl Ester Biodiesel Blends on NO x Emissions, ” SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 1 1 102 118 2008
- Miller J.A. Bowman C.T. “Mechanism and Modeling of Nitrogen Chemistry in Combustion, ” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci . 15 287 338 1989
- Turns S.R. “Understanding NO x Formation in Non premixed Flames: Experiments and Modeling, ” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci . 21 361 385 1995
- Bowman C.T. “Control of Combustion-Generated Nitrogen Oxide Emissions: Technology Driven by Regulation, ” Twenty-Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion 859 878 1992
- Fenimore C.P. “Formation of Nitric Oxide in Premixed Hydrocarbon Flames, ” Thirteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion 373 380 1971
- Kuo K.K. Principles of Combustion John Wiley and Sons New York 1986
- Dec J.E. “A Conceptual Model of DI Diesel Combustion Based on Laser-Sheet Imaging, ” SAE Paper 970873 , SAE Trans 106 3 1319 1348 1997
- Garner S. Sivaramakrishnan R. Brezinsky K. “The High-Pressure Pyrolysis of Saturated and Unsaturated C 7 Hydrocarbons, ” Proc. Comb. Inst . 32 461 467 2009
- Ban-Weiss G.A. Chen J.Y. Buchholz B.A. Dibble R.W. “A Numerical Investigation into the Anomalous Slight NO x Increase when Burning Biodiesel: A New (Old) Theory, ” Fuel Proc. Tech . 88 659 667 2007
- Musculus, M.P.B. Kattke, K. “Entrainment Waves in Diesel Jets,” SAE Int. J. Engines 2 1 1170 1193 2009
- Dec J.E. Canaan R.E. “PLIF Imaging of NO Formation in a DI Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 980147 , SAE Trans 107 3 1998
- Pickett L.M. Siebers D.L. “Soot Formation in Diesel Fuel Jets near the Lift-Off Length, ” Int. J. Engine Res . 7 103 130 2006
- Mencken H.L. Prejudices: Third Series 269 270 Knopf Alfred A. New York 1922
- “NIST Chemistry WebBook, ” 2005. Online source, http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/
- “Diesel 2007 ULSD (7-15 ppm) Certification Fuel, ” Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, 2008. Online source, http://www.cpchem.com/enu/tds_unsecured/Diesel_2007_ULSD.pdf . Accessed Jan. 15 2009
- Mueller C.J. Martin G.C. Briggs T.E. Duffy K.P. “An Experimental Investigation of In-Cylinder Processes under Dual-Injection Conditions in a DI Diesel Engine, ” 2004-01-1843 SAE Trans 113 3 2004
- Mueller C.J. Martin G.C. “Effects of Oxygenated Compounds on Combustion and Soot Evolution in a DI Diesel Engine: Broadband Natural Luminosity Imaging, ” 2002-01- 1631 SAE Trans 111 4 2002
- McGill R. Storey J. Wagner R. Irick D. Aakko P. Westerholm M. Nylund N.-O. Lappi M. “Emission Performance of Selected Biodiesel Fuels, ” SAE Paper 2003-01-1866 SAE Trans 112 4 2003
- Heywood J.B. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals McGraw-Hill, New York 1988
- Mueller C.J. Musculus M.P. “Glow Plug Assisted Ignition and Combustion of Methanol in an Optical DI Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 2001-01- 2004 2001
- Dec J.E. Espey C. “Chemiluminescence Imaging of Autoignition in a DI Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 982685 , SAE Trans 107 3 2230 2254 1998
- “Control of Emissions from New and In-Use Highway Vehicles and Engines, ” Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 86 2006
- Higgins B.S. Siebers D.L. “Measurement of the Flame Lift-Off Location on DI Diesel Sprays Using OH Chemiluminescence, ” SAE Paper 2001-01-0918 , SAE Trans 110 3 2001
- Siebers D.L. Higgins B.S. Pickett L.M. “Flame Lift-Off on Direct-Injection Diesel Fuel Jets: Oxygen Concentration Effects, ” SAE Paper 2002-01-0890 , SAE Trans 111 3 2002
- Musculus M.P.B. “Effects of the In-Cylinder Environment on Diffusion Flame Lift-Off in a DI Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 2003-01-0074 , SAE Trans 112 3 2003
- Upatnieks A. Mueller C.J. “Investigation of the Relationship between DI Diesel Combustion Processes and Engine-Out Soot Using an Oxygenated Fuel, ” SAE Paper 2004-01-1400 2004
- Siebers D.L. Higgins B.S. “Flame Lift-Off on Direct-Injection Diesel Sprays Under Quiescent Conditions, ” SAE Paper 2001-01-0530 , SAE Trans 110 3 2001
- Siebers D.L. “Scaling Liquid-Phase Fuel Penetration in Diesel Sprays Based on Mixing-Limited Vaporization, ” SAE Paper 1999-01-0528 , SAE Trans 108 3 1999
- Naber J.D. Siebers D.L. “Effects of Gas Density and Vaporization on Penetration and Dispersion of Diesel Sprays, ” SAE Paper 960034 , SAE Trans 105 3 82 111 1996
- Mueller C.J. “The Quantification of Mixture Stoichiometry When Fuel Molecules Contain Oxidizer Elements or Oxidizer Molecules Contain Fuel Elements, ” SAE Paper 2005-01-3705 , SAE Trans 114 4 2005
- Idicheria C.A. Pickett L.M. “Quantitative Mixing Measurements in a Vaporizing Diesel Spray by Rayleigh Imaging, ” SAE Paper 2007-01-0647 , SAE Trans 116 3 2007
- Glassman I. Combustion Academic Press New York 1987
- Kee R.J. Rupley F.M. Meeks E.E. Miller J.A. “CHEMKIN-III: A Fortran Chemical Kinetics Package for the Analysis of Gas Phase Chemical and Plasma Kinetics, ” Sandia National Laboratories Report: SAND96-8216 1996
- Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals Daubert T. E. Danner R. P. Sibul H. M. Stebbins C. C. Rowley R. L. Wilding W. V. Oscarson J. L. Adams M. E. Marshall T. L. Zundel N. A. Taylor Francis New York 2001. Online source, http://dippr.byu.edu/ . Accessed Feb. 27 2009
- Martin G.C. Mueller C.J. Lee C. “Two-Photon Nitric Oxide Laser-Induced Fluorescence Measurements in a Diesel Engine, ” Appl. Opt. 45 2089 2100 2006
- Martin G.C. Mueller C.J. Lee C. “Two-Photon Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Nitric Oxide in a Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 2006-01-1201 2006
- Pickett L.M. Siebers D.L. “Fuel Effects on Soot Processes of Fuel Jets at DI Diesel Conditions, ” SAE Paper 2003-01-3080 , SAE Trans 112 4 2003
- Schwab S.D. Guinther G.H. Henly T.J. Miller K.T. “The Effects of 2-Ethylhexyl Nitrate and Di-Tertiary-Butyl Peroxide on the Exhaust Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 1999-01-1478 , SAE Trans 108 4 1999
- Kidoguchi Y. Yang C. Miwa K. “Effects of Fuel Properties on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 2000-01-1851 , SAE Trans 109 4 2000
- Pickett L.M. Siebers D.L. Idicheria C.A. “Relationship between Ignition Processes and the Lift-Off Length of Diesel Fuel Jets, ” SAE Paper 2005-01-3843 , SAE Trans 114 3 1714 1731 2005
- Musculus M.P.B. “Measurements of the Influence of Soot Radiation on In-Cylinder Temperatures and Exhaust NO x in a Heavy-Duty DI Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 2005-01-0925 , SAE Trans 114 3 2005
- Wahiduzzaman S. Morel T. Timar J. DeWitt D.P. “Experimental and Analytical Study of Heat Radiation in a Diesel Engine, ” SAE Paper 870571 , SAE Trans 96 4 583 599 1987
- Gray W.A. Muller R. Engineering Calculations in Radiative Heat Transfer Permagon Press 1974
- Matsui Y. Kamimoto T. Matuoka S. “A Study on the Application of the Two-Color Method to the Measurement of Flame Temperature and Soot Concentration in Diesel Engines, ” SAE Paper 800970 , SAE Trans 89 3 3043 3055 1980
- Siddall R.G. McGrath I.A. “The Emissivity of Luminous Flames, ” Ninth Symposium (International) on Combustion 102 110 1963
- Modest M.F. Radiative Heat Transfer McGraw-Hill, New York 1993