This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Applications in Vehicle Exhaust System
Technical Paper
2008-01-0612
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is becoming a very popular tool for numerical predictions of flow distribution, pressure loss, heat transfer, internal and external combustion and has been widely used in automotive, aerospace, marine and even medical industries. In automotive industry, CFD tool is used and customized in five major areas: vehicle aerodynamic effect; thermal management (cooling and climate control); cylinder combustion; engine lubrication and exhaust system performance. Current paper will focus on CFD applications in one of vehicle subsystems - exhaust system. Increasingly stringent emission requirements are enforced by Environment Protect Agency (EPA) to reduce harmful chemical components such as CO, NO, NO2. Exhaust systems are becoming more complicated and usually consist of one or multiple catalytic converters with one or multiple substrates inside.
Exhaust flow distribution inside substrate directly affects not only the conversion efficiency of emission targets and durability of substrates, but also system back pressure (contributed by pressure loss through substrate) which needs to be minimized for desired engine output power. Also, thermal management of exhaust system is another crucial task to prevent any damage due to elevated temperature.
Current paper is targeted to discuss and summarize the applications of 3-D CFD numerical simulations in following areas:
-
1
Flow distribution in front of substrate
-
2
Pressure loss through exhaust system
-
3
Skin temperature prediction
-
4
Heat loss analyses
-
5
Oxygen sensor related issues
-
6
Middle belt converter design
-
7
Urea injection for SCR system
-
8
Detail DPF studies
-
9
Providing input for FEA analysis
For each of those areas, a few examples of CFD results are discussed. The purpose of this paper is not to give the detailed instructions of how to conduct 3-D CFD simulation for exhaust system and its component, but to provide a guideline of where CFD tool can be used to initiate new concepts or optimize exist designs in above areas.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Numerical Study on Skin Temperature and Heat Loss of Vehicle Exhaust System |
Technical Paper | Effect of Design Parameters on the Performance of Finned Exhaust Heat Exchanger |
Technical Paper | Thermal Management of Close Coupled Catalysts |
Authors
Topic
Citation
Zhang, X. and Romzek, M., "Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Applications in Vehicle Exhaust System," SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0612, 2008, https://doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-0612.Also In
References
- Cho Yong-Seok Kim Duk-Sang Lee Yoon-Seok Han Min-Sub Joo Young-Cheol Lee Jong-Wha Flow Distribution in a Close-Coupled Catalytic Converter SAE, 982552 1998
- Salasc Sophie Barrieu Edouard Leroy Vincent Impact of Manifold Design on Flow Distribution of a Close-Coupled Catalytic Converter SAE, 2005-01-1626 2005
- Windmann Julia Braun Joachim Zacke Peter Tischer Steffen Deutschmann Olaf Warnatz Jürgen Impact of the Inlet Flow Distribution on the Light-Off Behavior of a 3-Way Catalytic Converter SAE, 2003-01-0937 2003
- Badami M. Millo Federico Zuarini Andrea Cfd Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Inlet Flow Distribution in Close Coupled Catalytic Converters SAE, 2003-01-3072 2003
- Will N. S. Cornet Pierrick Effect of Flow Distribution on Emissions Performance of Catalytic Converters SAE, 980936 1998
- Hwang Kwangsup Lee Keunchul Mueller John Stuecken Tom Schock Harold J. Lee Jong-Cheol Dynamic Flow Study in a Catalytic Converter Using Laser Doppler Velocimetry and High Speed Flow Visualization SAE, 950786 1995
- Shuai Shi-Jin Wang Jian-Xin Dong Qun-Long Zhuang Ren-Jun Piv Measurement and Numerical Simulation of Flows in Automotive Catalytic Converters SAE, 2001-01-3494 2001
- Michael, Breuer Schernus Christof Bowing R. Kuphal Andre Lieske Stefan Experimental Approach to Optimize Catalyst Flow Uniformity SAE, 2000-01-0865 2000
- Weltens Herman Bressler Harald Terres Frank Neumaier Hubert Rammoser Detlev Optimisation of Catalytic Converter Gas Flow Distribution By Cfd Prediction SAE, 930780 1993
- Will N. S. Cornet Pierrick Flow Maldistributions in Automotive Converter Canisters and Their Effect on Emission Control SAE, 922339 1992
- Paraschivoiu Marius Ma Lizheng Blackman Larry Yao Justin X. Improving Flow Uniformity in a Diesel Particulate Filter System SAE, 2001-01-1944 2001
- Liu Z. Gerald Miller Robert K. Flow Distributions and Pressure Drops of Wall-Flow Diesel Particulate Filters SAE, 2002-01-1311 2002
- Chung Cathy Rajadurai Sivanandi Geer Larry J. CFD Investigation of Thermal Fluid Flow and Conversion Characteristics of the Catalytic Converter SAE Paper , 1999-01-0462 1999
- Spreen Kent B. Fox Douglas J. Heimrich Martin J. Beason Richard E. Catalytic Converter Thermal Environment Measurement Under Dynamometer- Simulated Road Loads SAE Paper , 2000-01-0216 2000
- Rajadurai Sivanandi Geer Larry J. Chung Cathy Cheng H. Michels Jack Carlson T. Shoebox Converter Design for Thinwall Ceramic Substrates SAE Paper , 1999-01-1542 1999
- Locker Robert J. Sawyer Constance B. Low-Temperature Catalytic Converter Durability SAE Paper , 2000-01-0220 2000
- Katari Ashutosh Berkman Mert Eikenbary Rick Bhandari Girish Shulze Karl Thermal Shock Study of a Converter Package for a Drive Cycle SAE Paper , 2003-01-3073 2003
- Chung Cathy Geer Larry Rajadurai Sivanandi Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of the Catalytic Converter Cool Down Process SAE Paper , 2000-01-0204 2000
- Li Fong Z. Analytical Solution for Heat Flow in Cylinder and Its Application in Calculating Converter Skin Temperature SAE Paper , 2000-01-0301 2000
- Zidat Said Parmentier Michael Heat Insulation Methods for Manifold Mounted Converters SAE Paper , 2000-01-0215 2000
- Song Qingwen Zhu George Model-based Closed-loop Control of Urea SCR Exhaust Aftertreatment System for Diesel Engine SAE, 2002-01-0287
- Zhang Xiaogang Romzek Martin Keck Mathias Frank Kurz Numerical Optimization of Flow Uniformity inside Diesel Particular Filters SAE, 2005-01-3702
- Zhang Xiaogang Gomulka Ted Romzek Martin Numerical Optimization of Flow Uniformity inside an F Oval Substrate SAE, 2007-01-1088 2007
- Chen Ming Williams Shazam Modelling and Optimization of SCR-Exhaust Aftertreatment Systems SAE, 2005-01-0969 2005
- Wurzenberger Johann C. Wanker Roland Multi-Scale Scr Modelling, 1d Kinetic Analysis and 3d System Simulation SAE, 2005-01-0948 2005
- Van Helden Rinie Verbeek Ruud P. Optimization of Urea Scr Denox Systems for Hd Diesel Engines SAE, 2004-01-0154 2004
- Birkhold Felix Meingast Ulrich Wassermann Peter Deutschmann Olaf Analysis of the Injection of Urea-Water-Solution for Automotive SCR DeNOx-Systems: Modeling of Two-Phase Flow and Spray/Wall-Interaction SAE, 2006-01-0643 2006
- Jeong Soo-Jin Lee Sang-Jin Kim Woo-Seung Lee Chunboem Simulation on the Optimum Shape and Location of Urea Injector for Urea-SCR System of Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine to Prevent NH3 Slip SAE, 2005-01-3886 2005
- Zhang Xiaogang Romzek Martin Karonis Pete Morgan Chris 3-D Numerical Study of Mixing Characteristics of NH3 in front of SCR SAE, 2006-01-3444 2006
- Zhang Xiaogang Romzek Martin 3-D Numerical Study of Flow Mixing in front of SCR for different injection systems SAE, 2007-01-1578
- Zhang Xiaogang Meda Lakshmikanth Keck Mathias Numerical Study on Skin Temperature and Heat Loss of Vehicle Exhaust System SAE, 2005-01-1622
- Lee Chun Hwan A Characteristics of Particle Number Distribution for the Urea Solution Injection to Urea SCR System of Commercial Diesel Engine for an Emission Regulation SAE, 2007-01-3455
- Kookmin Ineok Cho Kookmin Lee Daelim Kang Baik Doo Sung A Study on the NOx Reduction of Urea-Selective Catalytic Reduction(SCR) System in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine SAE, 2007-01-3447
- Georgios S.A. 2004 Experimental investigation of catalytic soot oxidation and pressure drop characteristics in wall-flow diesel particulate filter PhD Thesis Volos
- Yi, Y. Simulating the Soot Loading in Wall-flow DPF Using a Three-Dimensional Macroscopic Model SAE, 2006-01-0264
- Egelja A. Wangrad W. Metwally H. 2004 CFD simulation of transient soot trapping and regeneration in a diesel particulate filter SAE, 2004-01-2658
- Gaiser G. Mucha P. 2004 Prediction of pressure drop in diesel particulate filters considering ash deposit and partial regenerations SAE, 2004-01-0158
- Andrew P.E. Julian P.C. Timothy C.W. Andrew P.W. Bergeal D. Allansson R. Lavenius M. 2005 Development and validation of a one-dimensional computational model of the continuously regenerating diesel particulate filter (CR-DPF) System SAE, 2005-01-0954
- Georgios P.N. 2003 Modelling, reaction schemes and kinetic parameter estimation in automotive catalytic converters and diesel particulate filters PhD Thesis Volos
- Zhang X. Romzek M. Keck M. Tsang D. Morgan C. 3-D Numerical Study on Fluid Flow and Pressure Loss of Mixing Channel and Wall Flow inside a Diesel Particulate Filter FILTRATION 6 4 2006
- Katatri A. Syed M. Sickels M. Wahl T. Rajadurai S. 2004 Effect of aspect ratio on pressure drop and acoustics in diesel particulate filters SAE, 2004-01-0695
- Ogyu K. Ohno K. Hong S. Komori T. 2004 Ash storage capacity enhancement of diesel particulate filter SAE, 2004-01-0945
- Dianna Y.M. Hickman D.L. Bhatia G. Gunasekaran N. 2004 Ash storage concept for diesel particulate filters SAE, 2004-01-0948
- Ogyu K. Oya T. Kasuga T. Ohno K. Study on Filter Substrate Structure for Lower Backpressure and Higher Regeneration Performance SAE, 2006-01-1526
- Zhang X. Romzek M. A Numerical Study of Flow and Pressure Characteristics for Diesel particulate Filter (DPFs) with Squre and Triangle Channels FILTRATION 8 1 2008
- Yong, Yi development of a 3D Numerical Model for Predicting Spray, Urea Decomposition and Mixing in SCR Systems SAE, 2007-01-3985