This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
FINE, ULTRAFINE AND NANOPARTICLE TRACE ORGANIC COMPOSITIONS NEAR A MAJOR FREEWAY WITH A HIGH HEAVY DUTY DIESEL FRACTION
Technical Paper
2007-24-0108
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Individual organic compounds such as hopanes and steranes (originating in lube oil) and selected polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) (generated via combustion) found in particulate emissions from vehicles have proven useful in source apportionment of ambient particulate matter. Currently, little ambient data exists for a majority of these species. Trace organic species in the size-segregated ultrafine (<0.18 µm) and accumulation (0.18-2.5 µm) particulate matter (PM) modes were measured during the winter season next to a busy Southern California freeway with significant (∼20%) diesel traffic. The ultrafine mode was further segregated into 4 size ranges (18-32 nm, 32-56 nm, 56-100 nm, and 100-180nm) with a NanoMOUDI low-pressure cascade impactor sampler. Both ambient and concentrated size-segregated impactor samples were taken in order to collect enough mass for chemical analysis. Accumulation and size segregated ultrafine mode particles were analyzed by various methods to investigate their chemical composition. Particle acidity and its relationship with size were also investigated by the ratio of measured and required ammonium for neutralization with nitrate and sulfate. All the measured organic species exhibited decreasing concentrations with size in the ultrafine mode. The most abundant PAHs in the ultrafine and accumulation modes were pyrene and benzo(ghi)perylene, whereas norhopane dominated the hopanes and steranes concentrations. This study is the first to present size-segregated organics species in the ultrafine range of PM in an ambient environment.
Recommended Content
Authors
- Zhi Ning - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Michael D. Geller - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Constantinos Sioutas - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
Topic
Citation
Ning, Z., Geller, M., and Sioutas, C., "FINE, ULTRAFINE AND NANOPARTICLE TRACE ORGANIC COMPOSITIONS NEAR A MAJOR FREEWAY WITH A HIGH HEAVY DUTY DIESEL FRACTION," SAE Technical Paper 2007-24-0108, 2007, https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-24-0108.Also In
References
- Peters, A. Dockery D.W. Muller J.E. Mittleman M.A. Increased particulate air pollution and the triggering of myocardial infarction Circulation 2001 103 2810 2815
- Pope, C.A. Burnett R.T. Thun M.J. Calle E.E. Krewski D. Ito K. Thurston G.D. Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association 2002 287 1132 1141
- Samet, J.M. Dominici F. Curriero F.C. Coursac I. Zeger S.L. Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in 20 US Cities, 1987-1994 New England Journal of Medicine 2000 343 1742 1749
- Donaldson, K. Brown D. Clouter A. Duffin R. MacNee W. Renwick L. Tran L. Stone V. The pulmonary toxicology of ultrafine particles Journal of Aerosol Medicine-Deposition Clearance and Effects in the Lung 2002 15 213 220
- Li, N. Sioutas C. Cho A. Schmitz D. Misra C. Sempf J. Wang M.Y. Oberley T. Froines J. Nel A. Ultrafine particulate pollutants induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage Environmental Health Perspectives 2003 111 455 460
- Nel, A. Air pollution-related illness: Effects of particles Science 2005 308 804 806
- Batalha, J.R.F. Saldiva P.H.N. Clarke R.W. Coull B.A. Stearns R.C. Lawrence J. Murthy G.G.K. Koutrakis P. Godleski J.J. Concentrated ambient air particles induce vasoconstriction of small pulmonary arteries in rats Environmental Health Perspectives 2002 110 1191 1197
- Clarke, R.W. Coull B. Reinisch U. Catalano P. Killingsworth C.R. Koutrakis P. Kavouras I. Murthy G.G.K. Lawrence J. Lovett E. Wolfson J.M. Verrier R.L. Godleski J.J. Inhaled concentrated ambient particles are associated with hematologic and bronchoalveolar lavage changes in canines Environmental Health Perspectives 2000 108 1179 1187
- Wellenius, G.A. Coull B.A. Godleski J.J. Koutrakis P. Okabe K. Savage S.T. Lawrence J.E. Murthy G.G.K. Verrier R.L. Inhalation of concentrated ambient air particles exacerbates myocardial ischemia in conscious dogs Environmental Health Perspectives 2003 111 402 408
- Saldiva, P.H.N. Clarke R.W. Coull B.A. Stearns R.C. Lawrence J. Murthy G.G.K. Diaz E. Koutrakis P. Suh H. Tsuda A. Godleski J.J. Lung inflammation induced by concentrated ambient air particles is related to particle composition American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2002 165 1610 1617
- Burnett, R.T. Brook J. Dann T. Delocla C. Philips O. Cakmak S. Vincent R. Goldberg M.S. Krewski D. Association between particulate- and gas-phase components of urban air pollution and daily mortality in eight Canadian cities Inhalation Toxicology 2000 12 15 39
- Mar, T.F. Norris G.A. Koenig J.Q. Larson T.V. Associations between air pollution and mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997 Environmental Health Perspectives 2000 108 347 353
- Metzger, K.B. Tolbert P.E. Klein M. Peel J.L. Flanders W.D. Todd K. Mulholland J.A. Ryan P.B. Frumkin H. Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular emergency department visits Epidemiology 2004 15 46 56
- Dejmek, J. Solansky I. Benes I. Lenicek J. Sram R.J. The impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and fine particles on pregnancy outcome Environmental Health Perspectives 2000 108 1159 1164
- Li, N. Kim S. Wang M. Froines J. Sioutas C. Nel A. Use of a stratified oxidative stress model to study the biological effects of ambient concentrated and diesel exhaust particulate matter Inhalation Toxicology 2002 14 459 486
- Schauer, J.J. Cass G.R. Source apportionment of wintertime gas-phase and particle-phase air pollutants using organic compounds as tracers Environmental Science & Technology 2000 34 1821 1832
- Robinson, A.L. Donahue N.M. Shrivastava M.K. Weitkamp E.A. Sage A.M. Grieshop A.P. Lane T.E. Pierce J.R. Pandis S.N. Rethinking organic aerosols: Semivolatile emissions and photochemical aging Science 2007 315 1259 1262
- Kreyling, W.G. Semmler-Behnke M. Moller W. Ultrafine particle-lung interactions: Does size matter? Journal of Aerosol Medicine-Deposition Clearance and Effects in the Lung 2006 19 74 83
- Montoya, L.D. Lawrence J. Murthy G.G.K. Sarnat J.A. Godleski J.J. Koutrakis P. Continuous measurements of ambient particle deposition in human subjects Aerosol Science and Technology 2004 38 980 990
- Ntziachristos, L. Ning Z. Geller M.D. Sheesley R.J. Schauer J.J. Sioutas C. Fine, ultrafine and nanoparticle trace element compositions near a major freeway with a high heavy-duty diesel fraction Atmospheric Environment 2007 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.02.043
- Hughes, L.S. Cass G.R. Gone J. Ames M. Olmez I. Physical and chemical characterization of atmospheric ultrafine particles in the Los Angeles area Environmental Science & Technology 1998 32 1153 1161
- Phuleria, H.C. Sheesley R.J. Schauer J.J. Fine P.M. Sioutas C. Roadside measurements of size-segregated particulate organic compounds near gasoline and diesel-dominated freeways in Los Angeles, CA Atmospheric Environment 2007 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.03.031
- Riddle, S.G. Robert M.A. Jakober C.A. H.M. P. Kleeman M.J. Size Distribution of Trace Organic Species Emitted from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles Environmental Science & Technology 2007
- Ntziachristos, L. Ning Z. Geller M.D. Sioutas C. Particle concentration and characteristics near a major frewway with heavy-duty diesel traffic Environmental Science & Technology 2007 41 2223 2230
- Zhu, Y.F. Hinds W.C. Kim S. Shen S. Sioutas C. Study of ultrafine particles near a major highway with heavy-duty diesel traffic Atmospheric Environment 2002 36 4323 4335
- Misra, C. Kim S. Shen S. Sioutas C. A high flow rate, very low pressure drop impactor for inertial separation of ultrafine from accumulation mode particles Journal of Aerosol Science 2002 33 735 752
- Geller, M.D. Kim S. Misra C. Sioutas C. Olson B.A. Marple V.A. A methodology for measuring size-dependent chemical composition of ultrafine particles Aerosol Science and Technology 2002 36 748 762
- Sioutas, C. Kim S. Chang M. Development and evaluation of a prototype ultrafine particle concentrator Journal of Aerosol Science 1999 29 829 830
- Kim, S. Jaques P.A. Chang M. Barone T. Xiong C. Friedlander S.K. Sioutas C. Versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES) for simultaneous in vivo and in vitro evaluation of toxic effects of ultrafine, fine and coarse ambient particles. Part II: Field evaluation Journal of Aerosol Science 2001 32 1299 1314
- Kim, S. Jaques P.A. Chang M. Barone T. Xiong C. Friedlander S.K. Sioutas C. Versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES) for simultaneous in vivo and in vitro evaluation of toxic effects of ultrafine, fine and coarse ambient particles. Part I: Development and laboratory characterization Journal of Aerosol Science 2001 32 1281 1297
- Sardar, S.B. Fine P.M. Mayo P.R. Sioutas C. Size-fractionated measurements of ambient ultrafine particle chemical composition in Los Angeles using the NanoMOUDI Environmental Science & Technology 2005 39 932 944
- Schauer, J.J. Mader B.T. Deminter J.T. Heidemann G. Bae M.S. Seinfeld J.H. Flagan R.C. Cary R.A. Smith D. Huebert B.J. Bertram T. Howell S. Kline J.T. Quinn P. Bates T. Turpin B. Lim H.J. Yu J.Z. Yang H. Keywood M.D. ACE-Asia intercomparison of a thermal-optical method for the determination of particle-phase organic and elemental carbon Environmental Science & Technology 2003 37 993 1001
- Schauer, J.J. Kleeman M.J. Cass G.R. Simoneit B.R.T. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 2. C-1 through C-30 organic compounds from medium duty diesel trucks Environmental Science & Technology 1999 33 1578 1587
- Schauer, J.J. Kleeman M.J. Cass G.R. Simoneit B.R.T. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 4. C-1-C-27 organic compounds from cooking with seed oils Environmental Science & Technology 2002 36 567 575
- Sheesley, R.J. Schauer J.J. Chowdhury Z. Cass G.R. Simoneit B.R.T. Characterization of organic aerosols emitted from the combustion of biomass indigenous to South Asia Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 2003 108
- Fine, P.M. Chakrabarti B. Krudysz M. Schauer J.J. Sioutas C. Diurnal variations of individual organic compound constituents of ultrafine and accumulation mode particulate matter in the Los Angeles basin Environmental Science & Technology 2004 38 1296 1304
- Kuhn, T. Biswas S. Sioutas C. Diurnal and seasonal characteristics of particle volatility and chemical composition in the vicinity of a light-duty vehicle freeway Atmospheric Environment 2005 39 7154 7166
- Zhu, Y.F. Hinds W.C. Kim S. Sioutas C. Concentration and size distribution of ultrafine particles near a major highway Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 2002 52 1032 1042
- Cass, G.R. Hughes L.A. Bhave P. Kleeman M.J. Allen J.O. Salmon L.G. The chemical composition of atmospheric ultrafine particles Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series a-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 2000 358 2581 2592
- Chow, J.C. Chen L.W.A. Watson J.G. Lowenthal D.H. Magliano K.A. Turkiewicz K. Lehrman D.E. PM2.5 chemical composition and spatiotemporal variability during the California Regional PM10/PM2.5 Air Quality Study (CRPAQS) Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 2006 111
- Shi, J.P. Harrison R.M. Investigation of ultrafine particle formation during diesel exhaust dilution Environmental Science & Technology 1999 33 3730 3736
- Viets, F.G. Mounting Problem of Cattle Feedlot Pollution Agricultural Science Review 1971 9 1
- Denmead, O.T. Freney J.R. Simpson J.R. Closed Ammonia Cycle within a Plant Canopy Soil Biology & Biochemistry 1976 8 161 164
- Zhang, Q. Stanier C.O. Canagaratna M.R. Jayne J.T. Worsnop D.R. Pandis S.N. Jimenez J.L. Insights into the chemistry of new particle formation and growth events in Pittsburgh based on aerosol mass spectrometry Environmental Science & Technology 2004 38 4797 4809
- Grose, M. Sakurai H. Savstrom J. Stolzenburg M.R. Watts W.F. Morgan C.G. Murray I.P. Twigg M.V. Kittelson D.B. Mcmurry P.H. Chemical and physical properties of ultrafine diesel exhaust particles sampled downstream of a catalytic trap Environmental Science & Technology 2006 40 5502 5507
- McMurry, P.H. Takano H. Anderson G.R. Study of the Ammonia (Gas) Sulfuric-Acid (Aerosol) Reaction-Rate Environmental Science & Technology 1983 17 347 352
- Ning, Z. Geller M.D. Moore K.F. Sheesley R. Schauer J.J. Sioutas C. Daily Variation in Chemical Characteristics of Urban Ultrafine Aerosols and Inference of Their Sources Submitted to Environmental Science and Technology 2007
- Schauer, J.J. Shafer M. Christensen C. Kittelson D.B. Johnson J. Watts W. Impact of cold-start temperature on the chemical composition of PM emissions from SI vehicles . 13th CRC On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop 2003 San Diego, CA
- Zielinska, B. Sagebiel J. Arnott W.P. Rogers C.F. Kelly K.E. Wagner D.A. Lighty J.S. Sarofim A.F. Palmer G. Phase and size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in diesel and gasoline vehicle emissions Environmental Science & Technology 2004 38 2557 2567
- Mader, B.T. Pankow J.F. Study of the effects of particle-phase carbon on the gas/particle partitioning of sernivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere using controlled field experiments Environmental Science & Technology 2002 36 5218 5228
- Miguel, A.H. Kirchstetter T.W. Harley R.A. Hering S.V. On-road emissions of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon from gasoline and diesel vehicles Environmental Science & Technology 1998 32 450 455