This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Mars Gravity Biosatellite: Atmospheric Reconditioning Strategies for Extended-Duration Rodent Life Support
Technical Paper
2007-01-3224
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
We present results which verify the design parameters and suggest performance capabilities/limitations of the Mars Gravity Biosatellite's proposed atmospherics control subassembly. Using a combination of benchtop prototype testing and analytic techniques, we derive control requirements for ammonia. Further, we demonstrate the dehumidification performance of our proposed partial gravity condensing heat exchanger.
Ammonia production is of particular concern in rodent habitats. The contaminant is released following chemical degradation of liquid waste products. The rate of production is linked to humidity levels and to the design of habitat modules in terms of bedding substrate, air flow rates, choice of structural materials, and other complex factors. Ammonia buildup can rapidly lead to rodent health concerns and can negatively impact scientific return. We present experimental data on long-term ammonia production in our novel flight-ready habitat modules, and we use this information to justify our on-orbit ammonia control strategy.
A recent reanalysis of the atmospherics subassembly led to exploration of custom-designed low-power condensing heat exchanger options for control of atmospheric humidity. We show experimental and analytic data that suggests the feasibility of this approach within certain control envelopes in a partial gravity environment. A side-by-side comparison with silica gel desiccant, the baseline alternative, identifies the merits of a hybrid approach.
The aforementioned results are employed to present a systems engineering analysis for filter sizing and condensing heat exchanger power based on ammonia production rates and active dehumidification results.
Authors
Citation
Fulford-Jones, T., Grosse, E., Heafitz, A., Li, R. et al., "The Mars Gravity Biosatellite: Atmospheric Reconditioning Strategies for Extended-Duration Rodent Life Support," SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-3224, 2007, https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-3224.Also In
References
- Wagner EB Fulford-Jones TRF 2005 Sensorimotor Investigations for the Mars Gravity Biosatellite: A Rotating Spacecraft for Partial Gravity Research Journal of Molecular and Brain Research 1091 1 26 May 2006 75 78
- Fulford-Jones TRF Heafitz AM Marsh JB Massie AE Richard JD Hoffman JA 2007 The Mars Gravity Biosatellite: Thermal Design Strategies for a Rotating Partial Gravity Spacecraft Proceedings of the 2007 International Conference on Environmental Systems Chicago, IL 9-12 July 2007 ICES 2003-01-3078
- Fulford-Jones TRF Ruan D chan WR Hartman K Heafitz AM Misra AC Mloduchowski TB 2005 The Mars Gravity Biosatellite: Innovations in Murine Motion Analysis and Life Support Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Environmental Systems Rome, Italy 11-14 July 2005 ICES 2005-01-2788
- Broderson JR Lindsey JR Crawford JE 1976 The role of environmental ammonia in respiratory mycoplasmosis of rats Pathol Am. J. 85 115 130
- Riskowski GL Harrison PC Memarzadeh F 2006 Mass Generation Rates of Ammonia, Moisture and Heat Production in Mouse Cages with Two Bedding Types, Two Mouse Strains, and Two Room Relative Humidities ASHRAE Transactions 112 134 144
- Tou J Grindeland R Barrett J Dalton B Mandel A Wade C 2003 Evaluation of NASA Foodbars as a Standard Diet for Use in Short-Term Rodent Space Flight Studies Nutrition 19 11-12 947 954
- Quinlivan VH Aull KH Weiss JM Guerra E Wagner EB 2005 Murine Automated Urine Sampler: Use of Chlorhexidine/N-Propyl Gallate for Hands-Off Small Animal Urine Preservation Poster presented at the American Society for Gravitational and Space Biology Meeting, Reno, NV 1-4 November 2005
- Fethke W Cook KM Porter SM Wunder CC 1973 Oxygen Consumption Measurements During Continual Centrifugation of Mice. J. Appl. Physiology 35 4 572 577
- Guo J Xu WS Chen YL Lua AC 2004 Adsorption of NH 3 onto activated carbon prepared from palm shells impregnated with H 2 SO 4 J. Colloid and Interface Science 281 285 290
- Chung Y-C Lin Y-Y Tseng C-P 2005 Removal of high concentration of NH 3 and coexistent H 2 S by biological activated carbon (BAC) biotrickling filter Bioresource Technology 96 1812 1820
- Mangun CL Braatz RD Economy J Hall AJ 1999 Fixed Bed Absorption of Acetone and Ammonia onto Oxidized Activated Carbon Filters Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 38 3499 3504
- Rodrigues CC de Moraes Jr. D da Nóbrega SW Barboza MG 2007 Ammonia adsorption in a fixed bed of activated carbon Bioresource Technology 98 886 891