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The Effect of Hydrogen Enrichment on EGR Tolerance in Spark Ignited Engines
Technical Paper
2007-01-0475
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
Small (up to 1% by volume) amounts of hydrogen (H2) were added to the intake charge of a single-cylinder, stoichiometric spark ignited engine to determine the effect of H2 addition on EGR tolerance. Two types of tests were performed at 1500 rpm, two loads (3.1 bar and 5.5 bar IMEP), two compression ratios (11:1 and 14:1) and with two fuels (gasoline and natural gas). The first test involved holding EGR level constant and increasing the H2 concentration. The EGR level of the engine was increased until the CoV of IMEP was > 5% and then small amounts of hydrogen were added until the total was 1% by volume. The effect of increasing the amount of H2 on engine stability was measured along with combustion parameters and engine emissions. The results showed that only a very small amount of H2 was necessary to stabilize the engine. At amounts past that level, increasing the level of H2 had no or only a very small effect.
The second test was to fix the H2 level at 1% by volume and measure the EGR limit increase of the engine. At low load conditions, the EGR limit increased from the previous high of 25% to over 50% for gasoline and from 20% to 28% for CNG. At high load conditions, the EGR limit was achieved when the engine reached wide-open throttle and the addition of extra EGR would have required reducing the engine load. The results of this test indicate that the addition of even small amounts of H2 can significantly improve the EGR tolerance of the engine when fueled with gasoline. This improvement in EGR tolerance can lead to reduced emissions and the potential to improve fuel economy by allowing high compression ratio operation. High IMEP was not tested with natural gas. Part load performance and EGR tolerance was explored to characterize the benefit hydrogen enriched EGR can provide to the emerging stoichiometric heavy duty natural gas engine community.
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Alger, T., Gingrich, J., and Mangold, B., "The Effect of Hydrogen Enrichment on EGR Tolerance in Spark Ignited Engines," SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0475, 2007, https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-0475.Also In
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