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Emissions Performance of Shell GTL Fuel in the Context of Future Fuel Specifications
Technical Paper
2006-01-3325
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
Worldwide concern about air quality has led to ever-tougher emissions legislation for vehicles and a concomitant tightening of fuel specifications. However, not all countries or regions will move at the same rate. For example, parts of Europe and the US have already seen the introduction of the so-called “sulphur-free” fuels (i.e. <10 and <15ppm S). However, in many developing countries there are fuel specifications with sulphur limits in higher range of 1500 - 2500ppm, and other properties are also more relaxed, such as distillation or density.
For a future world where larger volumes of GTL Fuel are available (2010 and beyond), it is essential to know the environmental impact of using both neat GTL and GTL blends, when compared to conventional market diesel. Moreover it is important to take into account the significant variation still anticipated for specifications of diesel between different countries.
Thus, two light-duty vehicle studies have been performed covering both a wide range of engine technologies and fuel quality, in anticipation of the expected future scenarios in 2010 and beyond. The first test sequence focused on vehicles with Euro 2 and 3 emissions levels, with reference fuels representing a relaxed specification. The second test exercise was aimed at vehicles complying with Euro 4 emission standards, in conjunction with reference fuels representative of a stringent specification.
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Clark, R., Lampreia, I., Stradling, R., and Schmidt, M., "Emissions Performance of Shell GTL Fuel in the Context of Future Fuel Specifications," SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-3325, 2006, https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-3325.Also In
References
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