This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Tire Asymmetries and Pressure Variations in the Radt/Milliken Nondimensional Tire Model
Technical Paper
2006-01-1968
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The Nondimensional Tire Model is based on the idea of data compression to load-independent curves. Through the use of appropriate transforms, tire data can be manipulated such that, when plotted in nondimensional coordinates, all data falls on a single curve. This leads to a highly efficient and mathematically consistent tire model.
In the past, data for slip angle and slip ratio has been averaged across positive and negative values for use with the transforms. In this paper, techniques to handle tire asymmetries in lateral and longitudinal force are presented. This is an important advance, since in passenger cars driving/braking data is almost always asymmetric and, depending on tire construction, lateral force data may follow likewise.
In addition, this paper is the first to explore the inclusion of inflation pressure as an operating variable in the Nondimensional Tire Theory. Inflation pressure affects the shape of the tire curves, notably the linear range stiffness and peak force friction coefficient. With this new variable, the operating conditions addressed by Nondimensional Tire Theory now include slip angle, slip ratio, inclination angle, normal load, surface friction coefficient and inflation pressure.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | Inflation Pressure Effects in the Nondimensional Tire Model |
| Technical Paper | Factors Affecting Tire Traction |
| Technical Paper | Belt and Tire Tractive Performance |
Authors
Citation
Kasprzak, E., Lewis, K., and Milliken, D., "Tire Asymmetries and Pressure Variations in the Radt/Milliken Nondimensional Tire Model," SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-1968, 2006, https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-1968.Also In
SAE 2006 Transactions Journal of Passenger Cars: Mechanical Systems
Number: V115-6 ; Published: 2007-03-30
Number: V115-6 ; Published: 2007-03-30
References
- Milliken, W.F., “High Camber Tests of Treaded and Smooth Motorcycle Tires on Calspan Tire Research Facility”, January 1975.
- SAE J670e, “Vehicle Dynamics Terminology”. Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096, June 1978.
- Radt, H.S. and Milliken W.F., “Motions of Skidding Automobiles”, SAE Paper Number 205A, SAE Summer Meeting, Chicago, IL, June 5-10, 1960.
- Fiala, E., “Seitenkrafte am Rollenden Luftreifen” (“Lateral Forces on Rolling Pneumatic Tires”), Zeitschrift, V.D.I., Vol. 96, No. 29, October 11, 1954, pp. 973-979.
- Milliken, W.F. and Milliken D.L., “Race Car Vehicle Dynamics”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA, 1995.
- Bakker, E., Nyborg L. and Pacejka H.B., “Tire Modeling for Use in Vehicle Studies”, SAE Paper No. 870421, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 1987.
- Radt, H.S. and Glemming D.A., “Normalization of Tire Force Moment Data”, Tire Science and Technology, TSTCA, Vol. 21, No. 2, April-June, 1993, pp. 91-119.
- Schuring, D.J., Pelz W., Pottinger M.G., “The BNPS Model - An Automated Implementation of the Magic Formula Concept”, SAE Paper No. 931909, SAE, Warrendale, PA, 1993.