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The Influence of Charge-Gas Dilution and Temperature on DI Diesel Combustion Processes Using a Short-Ignition-Delay, Oxygenated Fuel
Technical Paper
2005-01-2088
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
The influence of nitrogen dilution and charge-gas temperature on in-cylinder combustion processes and engine-out NOx and smoke emissions was investigated in an optically accessible heavy-duty DI diesel engine using a high-cetane-number, oxygenated fuel. Engine-out measurements of NOx and smoke emissions and in-cylinder images of natural luminosity were obtained for charge-gas oxygen concentrations from 9% to 21% and TDC charge-gas temperatures of 680 and 880 K. Charge-gas temperature was found to have a significant influence on engine-out NOx emissions, but NOx emissions levels less than 0.2 g/ihp-hr were achieved at both the 680 and 880 K charge-gas temperatures within the investigated range of oxygen concentrations. An indicated engine-out NOx emissions level of 0.09 g/ihp-hr at 18 bar IMEP was achieved using charge-gas dilution and 3.0 bar intake boost pressure. The proportion of NO2 to NO emissions increased with decreasing oxygen concentration, with NO2 reaching 81% of NOx emissions at an oxygen concentration of 12%. The increasing fraction of NO2 with decreasing oxygen concentration is attributed to increased quenching of NO2-to-NO reactions due to decreasing flame temperatures. Flame lift-off lengths were measured using in-cylinder images of natural luminosity. The measured flame lift-off lengths and estimated charge-gas conditions were used to determine the local mixture stoichiometry at the flame lift-off length. The results show that soot incandescence can be negligible for fuel-rich local mixture stoichiometries that would result in intense soot incandescence under undiluted operating conditions. It is hypothesized that flame temperatures and/or residence times are too small for soot inception under highly dilute charge-gas conditions. Reduced flame temperatures also potentially explain the low measured NOx emissions levels.
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Upatnieks, A., Mueller, C., and Martin, G., "The Influence of Charge-Gas Dilution and Temperature on DI Diesel Combustion Processes Using a Short-Ignition-Delay, Oxygenated Fuel," SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-2088, 2005, https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-2088.Also In
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