This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Lap-Shoulder Belt Performance as a Function of Occupant Size
Technical Paper
2005-01-1705
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) require rear seat, lap/shoulder belts to “fit” Hybrid III dummies ranging in size from a 6 year old child (H3-6C) to a 95th-percentile-male (H3-95M). No dynamic performance FMVSS, however, exist for rear seat belt systems. Variations in the three-dimensional “fit” of the same lap-shoulder belt positioned around these extreme dummy sizes suggest a possible difference in performance.
The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of two production lap-shoulder belt designs in a large SUV buck on a rebound sled using instrumented H3-6C, 5th-percentile-female (H3-5F) and H3-95M dummies. Sled velocities were approximately 35 kph.
Test instrumentation included: lap and shoulder belt load transducers, triaxial accelerometers at the center of gravity of the head, triaxial accelerometers and a deflection gauge in the chest, and six-axis force (and moment) transducers in the neck of the dummy. Tests were photographed using high-speed digital photography in the oblique and lateral views at rates of approximately 1,000 frames per second. In addition, pre- and post test images were taken using still digital photography. Sensor signals were filtered according to SAE specifications. Physical evidence on the lap-shoulder belts and retractor housings were carefully documented.
A relationship exists between belt loads to the restraint as a function of occupant mass and sled velocity. Physical damage to the belt systems provides forensic evidence that varies with occupant mass, crash severity and principal direction of force.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Bidez, M., Hauschild, H., Syson, S., and Mergl, K., "Lap-Shoulder Belt Performance as a Function of Occupant Size," SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1705, 2005, https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-1705.Also In
Air Bags, Occupant Protection, and Child Passenger Restraints
Number: SP-1933 ; Published: 2005-04-11
Number: SP-1933 ; Published: 2005-04-11
References
- Bidez, M.W., et al., “Small Occupant Dynamics in the Rear Seat: Influence of Impact Angle and Restraint Design.” SAE Paper No. 2005-01-1708, 2005.
- Bidez, M.W. and Syson, S.R. “Kinematics, Injury Mechanism and Design Considerations for Older Children in Adult Torso Belts.” SAE Paper No. 2001-01-0173, 2001.
- Dejeammes, M.; Tarriere, C.; Thomas, C. and Kallieris, D. “Exploration of Biomechanical Data Towards a Better Evaluation of Tolerance for Children Involved in Automotive Accidents.” SAE Paper No. 840530, 1984.
- Foret-Bruno, J. Y., et al, “Correlation Between Thoracic Lesions and Force Values Measured at the Shoulder of 92 Belted Occupants Involved in Real Accidents,” SAE Paper No. 780892, 22nd Stapp Car Crash Conference, October 1978.
- Henderson, M.; Brown, J. and Paine, M. “Injuries to Restrained Children” Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine; Lyon, France, pp. 75-87, September 21-23, 1994.
- Horsch, J.D., Melvin, J.W., Viano, D.C., Mertz, H.J., “Thoracic Injury Assessment of Belt Restraint Systems Based on Hybrid III Chest Compression,” Proc. 35th Stapp Car Crash Conference, SAE Paper No. 912895, 1991.
- Kallieris, D., Barz, J. Schmidt, G., Heess, G. and Mattern, R. “Comparison Between Child Cadavers and Child Dummy by Using Child Restraint Systems in Simulated Collisions.” SAE Paper No. 760815, 1976.
- Mertz, H.J., et al, “Hybrid III Sternal Deflection Associated with Thoracic Injury Severities of Occupants Restrained with Force-Limiting Shoulder Belts,” SAE Paper No. 910812, 1991.
- NHTSA, “Docket 74-14, Notice 7,” 1975.
- NHTSA, “Request for Proposal: Statement of Work, Evaluation of a Passive Belt for Different Size Occupants,” circa 1978.
- NHTSA, “Advisory Circular: Injury Criteria for Human Response to Impact,” June 20, 1985.
- Nyquist, G.W., “Height Weight and Sex of Injured Automobile Occupants,” Environmental Activities Publication A-3459, General Motors, January 31, 1977.
- Planath, I., et al., “Synthesis of Data Towards Neck Protection Criteria for children,” 1992 IRCOBI, pp. 155-166, September 1992.
- Rogers, Robert A. and Silver, Jeffrey N., “Elements of an Effective Child Restraint System,” 10th Stapp Car Crash Conference, SAE Paper No. 680776, October 1968.
- Sturtz, G. “Biomechanical Data of Children” SAE Paper No. 801313, 1980.
- Wismans J., Maltha J., Melvin, J.W., Stalnaker R.L. “Child restraint evaluation by experimental and mathematical simulation,” SAE 791017, 1979.