This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Hybrid III Dummy Neck Issues
Technical Paper
2005-01-1704
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
While the Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (ATD) family has experienced a lengthy period of development, and is an essential part of vehicle safety regulation, several issues associated with the ATD's head/neck design and the neck dynamic response due to airbag loading have been identified. As a result, the response of the Hybrid III neck under a number of airbag loading conditions could be an “artifact” of the ATD and not representative of the live human. One area of concern relates to the method of incorporating the human neck muscles into the neck response and how this affects the out-of-position (OOP) tests mandated in the new FMVSS 208.
The results of a series of sled and OOP tests are presented in this paper to elaborate on the nature and the magnitude of the ATD's neck response “artifact”. In addition, the complication associated with balancing in-position and OOP requirements as a result of this “artifact” is highlighted. The test results show that even with a very low slope inflator, that takes about 100 ms to inflate the airbag (a low power air bag system), there is still potential for the bag to be caught in the Hybrid III ATD's chin-jaw-neck region resulting in unrealistically high neck tension and moment. This high tension and moment can occur late in the event after the bag is inflated - as late as 90 ms after initiation of deployment.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | OOP Response of THOR and Hybrid-III 50th% ATDs |
| Technical Paper | Response of Belt Restrained Subjects in Simulated Lateral Impact |
| Technical Paper | Differences in the Dynamic Responses of the Thor-NT and Thor-FT Dummies |
Authors
Citation
Kang, J., Nusholtz, G., and Agaram, V., "Hybrid III Dummy Neck Issues," SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1704, 2005, https://doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-1704.Also In
Air Bags, Occupant Protection, and Child Passenger Restraints
Number: SP-1933; Published: 2005-04-11
Number: SP-1933; Published: 2005-04-11
References
- Crandall, J. R. “Test Surrogates, Injury Mechanisms, and Injury Criteria for Out-of-Position Occupant Testing,” AAAM Advanced Air Bag Technology in Frontal and Side Impacts Southfield, Michigan June 2000
- Sherwood, C. P. Shaw, C. G. Rooij, L. V. Kent, R. W. Crandall, J. R. Orzechowski, K. M. Eichelberger, M. R. Kallieris, D. “Prediction of Cervical Spine Injury Risk for the 6-Year-Old Child in Frontal Crashes,” Traffic Injury Prevention 4 3 206 213 2003
- Menon, R. A. Arbogast, K. B. Cooper, J. Ridella, S. A. Murad, M. Barnes, R. Kallan, M. J. Wiston, F. K. “Differences in Air Bag Performance with Children in Various Restraint Configurations and Vehicle Types,” 18 th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles Nagoya, Japan 2003
- Malott, A. Parenteau, C. Arbogast, K. Marigowda S. “Sled Test Results Using the Hybrid III 6 Year Old: An Evaluation of Various Restraints and Crash Configurations,” SAE Paper 2004-01-0316 2004
- Chan, P. Lu, Z. “Evaluation of Hybrid-III and THOR Dummy Head/neck Responses to Airbag Load at Close Proximity,” Proceedings of the Biomechanics of Impact Lisbon, Portugal September 2003
- Nusholtz, G. Domenico, L. D. Shi, Y. Eagle, P. “Studies of Neck Injury Criteria Based on Existing Biomechanical Test Data,” Accident Analysis and Prevention 35 777 786 2003
- “U.S. DOT/NHTSA - Supplemental Notice of Proposed Rulemaking - Notice 1 - Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) No 208; Occupant Crash Protection - Air Bags” 41 1999
- Kang, J. Agaram, V. Nusholtz, G. Kostyniuk, G. “Air Bag Loading on In-Position Hybrid III Dummy Neck,” SAE Paper 2001-01-0179 2001
- Agaram, V. Kang, J. Nusholtz, G. Kostyniuk, G. “Hybrid III Dummy Neck Response To Air Bag Loading,” Paper No. 469, Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2001
- Mertz, H. Patrick, L. “Strength and Response of the Human Neck” Proceedings of the 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference, SAE paper 710855 1971
- Mertz, H. Irwin, A. Melvin, J. Stalnaker, R. Beebe, M. “Size, Weight and Biomechanical Impact Response Requirements for Adult Size Small Female and Large Male Dummy” SAE paper 890756 1989
- Agaram, V. Xu, L. Nusholtz, G. “Comparison of Frontal Crashes in Terms of Average Acceleration,” SAE Paper 2000-01-0880 2000