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Application of a Biodegradable Lubricant in Two Flexible Fuel Vehicles
Technical Paper
2004-01-2988
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
The IEA Advanced Motor Fuels Agreement has initiated this project concerning the application of biodegradable lubricants to diesel and gasoline type vehicles.
Emission measurements on a chassis dynamometer were carried out. The purpose of these measurements was to compare the emissions of CO, CO2, NOx, THC, PM, lubricant-SOF and PAH from diesel and gasoline type vehicles using biodegradable lubricants and conventional lubricants. This paper describes the results of the experiments with the gasoline type vehicles only - two FFV's (Flexible Fuel Vehicles). The results from the measurements on the diesel type vehicles are described in an earlier SAE paper [1]. Lubricant consumption and fuel consumption are other important parameters that have been evaluated during the experiments.
Both vehicle types were operated on conventional crude oil based fuels and alternative fuels. The FFV's were operated on conventional gasoline fuel from a Swedish fuel station, and an ethanol fuel (E85), which was also bought at a Swedish fuel station. The driving patterns that were applied in these experiments were the FTP and EU test cycles.
Since the biodegradability of lubricants changes with age, it was necessary to measure this change by driving the vehicles for a number of kilometers in order to obtain a full picture of the environmental impact of implementing biodegradable lubricants. Therefore lubricant samples were taken from the engine crankcase after driving 7500 km on the road.
These samples were analyzed in order to evaluate biodegradability of the used lubricant and engine wear.
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Schramm, J., "Application of a Biodegradable Lubricant in Two Flexible Fuel Vehicles," SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-2988, 2004, https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-2988.Also In
References
- Schramm, J. “Application of a Biodegradable Lubricant in a Diesel Vehicle” Society of Automotive Engineers International SAE Paper 2003-01-3111 2003
- van Walwijk et. al. “Biodegradable Lubricants” IEA Advanced Motor Fuels Agreement - Annex XVI The Technical University of Denmark, Department of Energy Engineering IEA 1999
- Schramm, J. “IEAAMF Annex XVI: Biodegradable Lubricants - Phase 2. Diesel Type Vehicles” Technical University of Denmark, Department of Mechanical Engineering IEA 2003
- Schramm, J. “IEAAMF Annex XVI: Biodegradable Lubricants - Phase 2. Gasoline Type Vehicles” The Technical University of Denmark, Department of Mechanical Engineering IEA 2004
- van Walwijk et. al. “Automotive Fuels Survey - Part 2: Distribution and Use” IEA/AFIS (Automotive Fuels Information Service) IEA 1996
- Möller, U.J. “Einführung in die problematik” 1 13 “Biologisch schnell abbaubare Schmierstoffe und Arbetsflüssigkeiten - Speziell auf pflanzlicher Basis” Bartz W.J. 1993
- Böhme, W. et. al. “New top engine optimised for ecologically sensitive operational areas” CEC Symposium, paper no. CEC/93/EL30 Birmingham U.K. 1993