This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Combustion Improvement of a Light Stratified-Charge Direct Injection Engine
Technical Paper
2004-01-0546
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In the effort to improve combustion of a Light-load Stratified-Charge Direct-Injection (LSCDI) combustion system, CFD modeling, together with optical engine diagnostics and single cylinder engine testing, was applied to resolve some key technical issues. The issues associated with stratified-charge (SC) operation are combustion stability, smoke emission, and NOx emission. The challenges at homogeneous-charge operation include fuel-air mixing homogeneity at partial load operation, smoke emission and mixing homogeneity at low speed WOT, and engine knock tendency reduction at medium speed WOT operations.
In SC operation, the fuel consumption is constrained with the acceptable smoke emission level and stability limit. With the optimization of piston design and injector specification, the smoke emission can be reduced. Concurrently, the combustion stability window and fuel consumption can be also significantly improved. The optimized piston also helps to reduce NOx emission with local mixture enrichment around the spark-plug gap and improved internal residual amount tolerance.
The study shows that one of the root causes of smoke emission at low speed WOT is liquid fuel impingement on the valve surface. The smoke emission level can be reduced with injector specification optimization. The mechanism by which split injection improves WOT performance is studied in detail. It is shown that at low speed WOT operation, the split injection improves the liquid spray distribution, thus improves the fuel-air mixing homogeneity and the engine output. At medium speed WOT operation, split injection does not have much effect on the mixing homogeneity, instead it improves the charge temperature distribution, thus reducing the knocking tendency.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Yi, J., Han, Z., Xu, Z., and Stanley, L., "Combustion Improvement of a Light Stratified-Charge Direct Injection Engine," SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0546, 2004, https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-0546.Also In
References
- Kume T., Iwamoto Y., Lida K., Murakami M. and Ando H., Combustion Control Technology for Direct Injection SI Engine, SAE Paper 960600, 1996.
- Harada J., Tomita T., Mizuno H., Mashiki Z. and Ito Y., Development of Direct Injection Gasoline Engine, SAE Paper 970540, 1997.
- Takagi Y., Itoh T., Muranaka S., Liyama A., Iwakiri Y., Urushihara T. and Naitoh K., Simultaneous Attainment of Low Fuel Consumption, High Output Power and Low Exhaust Emissions in Direct Injection SI Engines, SAE Paper 980149, 1998.
- Koike M., Satio A., Tomoda T. and Yamamoto Y., Research and Development of a New Direct Injection Gasoline Engine, SAE Paper 2000-01-0530, 2000.
- Zhao F., Lai M.-C. and Harrington D.L., Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 25, 437-562, 1999.
- Han Z., Yi J., and Trigui N., Stratified Mixture Formation and Piston Surface Wetting in a DISI Engine, SAE 2002-01-2655, 2002.
- Yi J., Han Z., and Trigui N., Fuel-Air Mixing Homogeneity and Performance Improvements of a Stratified-Charge DISI Combustion System, SAE 2002-01-2656, 2002.
- Westrate B., Warren C., VanDerWege B., Coulson G., and Anderson R., Dynamometer Development Results for a Stratified-Charge DISI Combustion System, SAE 2002-01-2657.
- Han Z., Weaver C., Wooldridge S.,Alger, T., Hilditch J., McGee J., Westrate B., Xu Z., Yi J., Chen X., Trigui N., and Davis G., Development of a New Light Stratified-Charge DISI Combustion System for a Family of Engines with Upfront CFD Coupling with Thermal and Optical Engine Experiments, SAE 2004-01-0545.
- Westrate B., Colson G., Kenny T., Kumar B., Rogers M., and Weaver C., Dynamometer Development of a Lightly Stratified Direct Injection Combustion System, SAE 2004-01-0547.
- Alger T., Blobaum E., McGee J., Wooldridge S., PIV characterization of a 4-valve engine with a CPS system, 2003 Spring SAE F&L, 2003-01-1803.
- Amsden A.A., KIVA-3V: A Block-Structured KIVA Program for Engines with Vertical or Canted Valves, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LA-13313-MS, 1997.
- Amsden A.A., KIVA-3V, Release 2: Improvements to KIVA-3V, Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LA-13608-MS, 1999.
- Han Z., Xu Z. and Trigui N., Spray/Wall Interaction Models for Multidimensional Engine Simulation, International Journal of Engine Research, 1, 127-146, 2000.
- Han Z., Xu Z., Wooldridge S., Yi J., and Lavoie G., Modeling of DISI Engine Sprays with Comparison to Experimental In-Cylinder Spray Images, SAE 2001-01-3667.
- Han Z. and Xu Z., Wall Film Dynamics Modeling For Impinging Spray in Engines, SAE 2004-01-0099.
- YiJ., Han Z., Yang J., Anderson R., Trigui N., and Boussarsar R., Modeling of the Interaction of Intake Flow and Fuel Spray in DISI Engines, SAE 2000-01-0656, 2000.
- Yi J., Trigui N., Han Z., Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engines, US patent, US6378488.
- Kemmler R., Waltner A., Schoen C., and Godwin S., Current Status and Prospects for Gasoline Engine Emission Control Technology - Paving the Way for Minimal Emissions, SAE Paper 2000-01-0856, 2000.
- Yang J. and Anderson R., Fuel Injection Strategies to Increase Full-Load Torque Output of a Direct-Injection SI Engines, SAE 980495,1998.