This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Influence of Water-Diesel Fuel Emulsions and EGR on Combustion and Exhaust Emissions of Heavy Duty DI-Diesel Engines equipped with Common-Rail Injection System
Technical Paper
2003-01-3146
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the effect of the introduction of water in the combustion chamber of a DI-diesel engine on combustion characteristics and pollutant formation, by using water-diesel fuel emulsions with three distinct water amounts (13%, 21% and 30%). For the measurements we use a modern 4-cylinder DI-diesel engine with high-pressure common rail fuel injection and EGR system. The engine investigations are conducted at constant speed in different operating points of the engine map with wide variations of injection setting parameters and EGR rate. The main concern refers to the interpretation of both measured values and relevant thermodynamic variables, which are computed with analytical instruments (heat release rate, ignition delay, reciprocal characteristic mixing time, etc). The analysis of the measured and computed data shows clear trends and detailed evaluations on the behavior of water-diesel fuel emulsions in the engine process are possible. Accurate measurements of particulate number concentration in the exhaust gas complete the work.
At constant injection pressure the reductions of NOx and PM achieved with the 30% water emulsion compared to diesel fuel are about 30% and 70% respectively. These reductions are in all cases proportional to the water content in the fuel. This was measured in all engine load conditions.
Due to the fact that EGR lowers NOx and increases particulates but water injection lowers both, there is more flexibility when operating with water-diesel fuel emulsions. With the use of water-diesel emulsions combined with high degrees of EGR and high injection pressures, NOx emissions below 1.0 g/kWh and PM emissions of about 0.01 g/kWh were realized at low load condition without appreciable changes in fuel consumption.
Recommended Content
Authors
- Andrea Bertola - Aerothermochemistry and Combustion Systems Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
- Renxian Li - Aerothermochemistry and Combustion Systems Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
- Konstantinos Boulouchos - Aerothermochemistry and Combustion Systems Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
Topic
Citation
Bertola, A., Li, R., and Boulouchos, K., "Influence of Water-Diesel Fuel Emulsions and EGR on Combustion and Exhaust Emissions of Heavy Duty DI-Diesel Engines equipped with Common-Rail Injection System," SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-3146, 2003, https://doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-3146.Also In
Diesel Particulate Systems, Engines and Components, and Engine Performance Additives
Number: SP-1802; Published: 2003-10-31
Number: SP-1802; Published: 2003-10-31
References
- Sumaramanian K.A. et al Experimental Investigation on the Use of Water Diesel Emulsion with Oxygen Enriched Air in a DI Diesel Engine SAE Paper 2001-01-0205
- Bertola A. Schubiger R. et al Characterization of Diesel Particulate Emissions in Heavy-Duty DI-Diesel Engines with Common Rail Fuel Injection, Influence of Injection Parameters and Fuel Composition SAE Paper 2001-01-3573
- Schubiger R. Bertola A. et al Influence of EGR on Combustion and Exhaust Emissions of Heavy Duty DI-Diesel Engines equipped with Common-Rail Injection Systems SAE Paper 2001-01-3497
- Aufdenblatten S. et al MTZ
- Zaidi K. et al Reduction of NOx with Superheated Steam in a DI Diesel Engine SAE Paper 2002-01-1157
- Mello J.P. NOx Emissions from Direct Injection Diesel Engines with Water/Steam Dilution SAE Paper 1999-01-0836
- Wirbeleit F. et al Stratified Diesel Fuel-Water-Diesel Fuel Injection Combined with EGR - The Most Efficient In-Cylinder NOx and PM Reduction Technology SAE Paper 972962
- Barnes A. et al Evaluation of Water-blend Fuels in a City Bus and an Assessment of Performance with Emission Control Devices SAE Paper 2001-01-1915
- Auto Oil-II Programme final report from the services of the european commission October 2001
- Duncan D. A. et al Diesel emulsion fuels - improving the environment today in Europe
- Lubrizol Corporation PuriNOxTM Technology www.lubrizol.com
- Lubrizol Corporation Engine Control Systems: Diesel Emission Upgrade Products from Engine Control Systems and Lubrizol Portland Diesel Retrofit Workshop 2001
- Ross & Associates Environmental Consulting Ltd Burn Cleaner Fuel, Burn Fuels Cleaner Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Clean Diesel Conference 2001
- Yoshomoto Y. et al Improvement of BSFC by Reducing Diesel Engine Cooling Losses with Emulsified Fuel SAE Paper 962022
- Psota M.A. et al Water Injection Effects on NOx Emissions for Engines Utilizing Diffusion Flame Combustion SAE Paper 971657
- Kadota T. et al Recent advances in the combustion of water fuel emulsion Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 28 2002
- Sheng H. et al The Droplet Group Micro-Explosions in W/O Diesel Fuel Emulsion Sprays SAE Paper 950855
- Bockhorn H. Peters N. et al 5-6 Juni 2003
- Heinrich G. et al Diesel Combustion Adding Water and Methanol 45 1984
- Bertola A. Technologies for lowest NOx and particulate emissions in DI-diesel engine combustion - influence of injection parameters, EGR and fuel composition ETH Zürich 2003
- Obrecht P. LAV ETH Zürich 2003
- Schubiger R. ETH Zürich 2001
- Schubiger R. et al Soot emission from diesel combustion MTZ 5 2002
- Nazha M.A.A et al The Use of Emulsion, Water Induction and EGR for Controlling Diesel Engine Emissions SAE Paper 2001-01-1941
- Dickey D. W. et al NOx Control in Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines - What is the Limit? SAE Paper 980174
- Henningsen S. Influence of the Fuel Injection Equipment on NOx Emissions and Particulates on a Large Heavy-Duty Two-Stroke Diesel Engine Operating on Water-in-Fuel Emulsion SAE Paper 941783
- Ishida M. et al An Analysis of the Added Water Effect on NO Formation in DI Diesel Engines SAE Paper 941691
- Sawa N. et al Physical Properties of Emulsion Fuel (Water/Oil-Type) and its Effect on Engine Performance under Transient Operation SAE Paper 920198
- Tsukahara M. et al W/O Emulsion Realizes Low Smoke and Efficient Operation of DI Engines without High Pressure Injection SAE Paper 890449
- Radwan M.S. et al A Study of Some Combustion Characteristics of Gas Oil/Water Emulsions in a Swirl Chamber Diesel Engine SAE Paper 892056
- Papadopoulos S. ETH 8317 1987
- Andrews G.E. et al The Reduction in Diesel Particulate Emissions Using Emulsified Fuels SAE Paper 880348
- Gas-Oil I Water Emulsion Fuel for Automotive Diesel Engines Report EUR 9074 EN-IT 1984
- Bertola A. Boulouchos K. Oxygenated Fuels for Particulate Emissions Reduction in Heavy-Duty DI-Diesel Engines with Common-Rail Fuel Injection SAE Paper 2000-01-2885