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HEAVY DUTY VEHICLE EXHAUST PLUME STUDY IN THE NASA/LANGLEY WIND TUNNEL
Technical Paper
2003-01-1895
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
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English
Abstract
Concern over health effects associated with diesel exhaust and debate over the influence of high number counts of particles in diesel exhaust prompted research to develop a methodology for diesel particulate matter (PM) characterization. As part of this program, a tractor truck with an electronically managed diesel engine and a dynamometer were installed in the Old Dominion University (ODU) Langley full-scale wind tunnel. This arrangement permitted repeat measurements of diesel exhaust under realistic and reproducible conditions and permitted examination of the steady exhaust plume at multiple points. Background particle size distribution was characterized using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS). In addition, a remote sampling system consisting of a SMPS, PM filter arrangement, and carbon dioxide (CO2) analyzer, was attached to a roving gantry allowing for exhaust plume sampling in a three dimensional grid. Raw exhaust CO2 levels and truck performance data were also measured. The plume centerline was mapped and dilution ratios were determined and mapped. At 55 mph truck wheel speed and steady wind speed operation, at 200 inches behind the stack at the plume centerline, the dilution ratio was about 75, and at 337 inches behind the stack the dilution ratio was about 125. The truck was also operated through repeated transient tests, from 40 to 55 mph, with a wind speed of 47 mph. CO2 variations in the plume were clearly detected during the transients. Steady state PM size measurements were made at scan rates of 90 seconds. Ambient samplers located in the tunnel determined PM loading by mass. This paper presents the methodology used, discusses the plume location and dilution, and discusses results from ambient samplers. Particle sizing results are given in a companion paper.
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Authors
- Nigel N. Clark - Dept. of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Mridul Gautam - Dept. of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- James Boyce - Dept. of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Wenwei Xie - Dept. of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Sandeep Mehta - Dept. of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Ron Jarett - Dept. of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Byron Rapp - Dept. of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
Topic
Citation
Clark, N., Gautam, M., Boyce, J., Xie, W. et al., "HEAVY DUTY VEHICLE EXHAUST PLUME STUDY IN THE NASA/LANGLEY WIND TUNNEL," SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-1895, 2003, https://doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-1895.Also In
References
- Gautam, M Clark, N. Mehta, S. Boyce, J. West Virginia University Rogers, F. Gertler A. Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV “Concentrations and Size Distributions of Particulate Matter Emissions from a Class-8 Heavy-duty Diesel Truck Tested in a Wind Tunnel” SAE paper 2003-01-1894 , Yokohama conference Japan 2003
- Kittelson, D. Jason, J. Winthrop W. 2001 “Particle Measurement Methodology: On-road and laboratory measurements of nanoparticles from Diesel engines,” proceedings of 11 th CRC On-road Vehicle Emissions Workshop San Diego, California
- Clark, N. Gautam, M. Bata, R. Wang, W. Loth, J. Palmer, G. M. Lyons, D. “Design and Operation of a New Transportable Laboratory for Emissions Testing of Heavy Duty Trucks and Buses,” Heavy Vehicle Systems, International Journal of Vehicle Design 2 308 322 1995
- Gautam, M. Clark, N. Lyons, D. Long, T. Jr. Howell, A. Loth, J. Palmer, G. Wang, W. Bata, N. “Design Overview of a Heavy Duty Mobile Vehicle Emissions Testing Laboratory,” Proceedings of the ASME Annual Meeting Atlanta, GA December 1-6 1991 Advanced Automotive Technology 40 ASME 1991