This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Comparison of Parametric and Non-Parametric Methods for Determining Injury Risk
Technical Paper
2003-01-1362
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
This paper contains a review of methods for deriving risk curves from biomechanical data obtained from impact experiments on human surrogates. It covers many of the problems and pitfalls of obtaining realistic human risk curves from impact experiments. The strength and weakness of both parametric and non-parametric methods are evaluated. The limitations of standard analysis of censored impact test data are presented. Methods are given for determining risk curves from both doubly censored data and data obtained from impacts to body regions in which there are more than one mechanism of injury. A detailed set of examples is presented in which different experimental data are analyzed using the Consistent Threshold method and the logistic approach. Finally risk curves for published data are presented for the femur, head, thorax, and neck.
Recommended Content
Citation
Di Domenico, L. and Nusholtz, G., "Comparison of Parametric and Non-Parametric Methods for Determining Injury Risk," SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-1362, 2003, https://doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-1362.Also In
SAE 2003 Transactions Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems
Number: V112-6; Published: 2004-09-15
Number: V112-6; Published: 2004-09-15
References
- Ayer, M. Brunk, H.D. Ewing, G.M. Reid, W.T. Silverman, E. “An Empirical Distribution Function For Sampling With Incomplete Information” Annals of Mathematical Statistics Dec. 1955
- Eppinger, R. Sun, E. Bandak, F. Haffner, M. Khaewpong, N. Maltese, M. Kuppa, S. Nguyen, T. Takhounts, E. Tannous, R. Zhang, A. Saul, R. “Development of Improved Injury Criteria for the Assessment of Advanced Automotive Restraint Systems - II” National Highway Traffic Safety administration, U.S. Department of Transportation November 1999
- Hertz “A Note on the Head Injury Criteria (HIC) as a Predictor of the Risk of Skull Fracture” 37-th Annual Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine 1993
- Hosmer, D.W. Jr. Lemeshow, S. “Applied Logistic Regression” John Wiley and Sons New York 1989
- Kaplan, E.L. Meier, P. “Non Parametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations” Journal of the American Statistic association 53 June 1958
- Kent., R. Bolton, J. Crandall, J. Prasad, P. Nusholtz, G. Mertz, H. Kallieris, D. “Restrained Hybrid III Dummy-Based Criteria for the Thoracic Hard-Tissue Injury Prediction” IRCOBI 2001
- Kuppa, S. Eppinger, R. “Development of an improved thoracic injury criterion” Proc. 42 Stapp Car Crash Conference, Paper 983153 1998
- Kuppa, S. 2001 “Lower Extremity Injuries and Associated Injury Criteria” Proceedings of the seventeenth International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles Amsterdam June 2001
- Mertz, J.H. Prasad, P. “The position of the United States Delegates to the ISO Working group 6 on the Use of HIC in the Automotive Environment” SAE 851246 1985
- Mertz, J.H. Prasad, P. Nusholtz, G. “Head Injury Risk Assessment for Forehead Impacts” SAE 960099 1996
- Mertz, H.J. Prasad, P. Irwin, A.L. “Injury Risk Curves for Children and Adults in Frontal and Rear Collisions” SAE 973318 1997
- Mertz, H.J. Driscoll, G.D. Lenox, J.B. Nyquist, G.W. Weber, D.A. Responses of Animals Exposed to Deployment of Various Passenger Inflatable Restraint System Concepts for a Variety of Collision Severities and Animal Positions Proceedings of the Ninth International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles, SAE 826047 1982
- Mertz, H.J. Weber, D.A. “Interpretations of the Impact Responses of the 3-Year Old Child Dummy Relative to Child Injury Potential” SAE 826048, SP-736 Automatic Occupant Protection Systems 1982
- Morgan, R.M. “Human Cadaver and Hybrid III Responses to Axial Impacts of the Femur” Proceedings of the 1990 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts 1990
- Neter, J. Kutner, M.H. Nachtsheim, C.J. Wasserman, W. “Applied Linear Statistical Models” IRWIN 3rd 1998
- NHTSA Department of Transportation Final Rule, Occupant Crash Protection Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 208 2000
- Nusholtz, G.S. Di Domenico, L. Shi, Y. Eagle, P. “Studies on Neck Injury Criteria Based on Existing Biomechanical Test Data” Accident Analysis and Prevention
- Nusholtz, G. Mosier, R. “Consistent Threshold for Doubly Censored Biomechanical Data” SAE 1999-01-0714 1999
- Prasad, P. Daniel, R. “A Biomechanical Analysis of Head, Neck, and Torso Injuries to Child Surrogates Due to Sudden Torso Acceleration” Proceedings of Twenty-Eighth Stapp Car Crash Conference, SAE Paper 841656 1984
- Ran, A. Koch, M. Mellander, H. “Fitting Injury Versus Exposure Data Into Risk Functions” IRCOBI 1984
- Turnbull, B.W. “Non Parametric Estimation of a Survivorship Function with Doubly Censored Data” JASA Theory and Method Section 69 345 March 1974