This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Saving Energy Through Design Optimization
Technical Paper
2003-01-1331
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Numerical optimization is a little understood and even lesser used design tool which can have a significant effect on our efforts to reduce energy consumption, improve environmental quality and provide safer, more comfortable vehicles. Optimization is a numerical search method that can be applied to almost any engineering discipline where we perform computer analyses, whether structures, fluid dynamics or almost anything else. Though seldom taught in engineering colleges, these design methods and tools have been developed over the past forty years to a high level of maturity.
The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we will discuss the basic concept of design optimization. It will be seen that optimization can be coupled with almost any computer analysis and even experimental tests to change the important inputs to improve one or more outputs, with limits on other outputs.
The second purpose will be to demonstrate that optimization works. Examples will be given to demonstrate that the mass of existing parts can be reduced by several percent with no loss in strength, design quality can be improved with minimal increase in mass and hybrid vehicle economy can be improved while reducing pollutants. An additional bonus of optimization is the engineering insight it provides to any design problem.
It is concluded that, whether we apply it to existing designs or to future hybrid or fuel cell vehicles, optimization technology can be used with minimal added cost or effort to significantly reduce energy consumption.
Recommended Content
Topic
Citation
Vanderplaats, G., "Saving Energy Through Design Optimization," SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-1331, 2003, https://doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-1331.Also In
SAE 2003 Transactions Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems
Number: V112-7; Published: 2004-09-15
Number: V112-7; Published: 2004-09-15
References
- Steel Times UK 226 2 73 74 Feb. 1998
- U. S. Department of Energy www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/lightweight.shtm
- Vanderplaats, G. N. Numerical Optimization Techniques for Engineering Design 3rd Vanderplaats Research & Development, Inc. Colorado Springs, CO 2001
- Hajela, P. Genetic Search - An Approach to the Nonconvex Optimization Problem AIAA Journal 26 7 July 1990 1205 1210
- Dantzig, G. B. “Programming in a Linear Structure,” USAF Washington, D. C. Feb. 1948
- Heyman, J. “Plastic Design of Beams and Frames for Minimum Material Consumption,” Quarterly of Applied Mathematics 8 1951 373 381
- Schmit, L.A. “Structural Design by Systematic Synthesis,” Proc. 2nd Conference on Electronic Computation ASCE New York 1960 105 122
- Schmit, L. A. Farshi, B. “Some Approximation Concepts for Structural Synthesis,” AIAA J. 12 5 1974 692 699
- Schmit, L.A. Miura, H. “Approximation Concepts for Efficient Structural Synthesis,” NASA CR-2552
- Fox, R. L. “Constraint Surface Normals for Structural Synthesis Techniques,” AIAA Journal 3 8 Aug. 1965 1517 1518
- Haug, E. J. Choi, K. K. Komkov, V. Design Sensitivity Analysis of Structural Systems Academic Press 1984
- Vanderplaats, G. N. “An Efficient Algorithm for Numerical Airfoil Optimization,” AIAA J. Aircraft 16 12 Dec. 1979
- Myers, R. H. Montgomery, D. C. Response Surface Methodology John Wiley & Sons New York 1995
- Venter, G. Watson, B. “Efficient optimization algorithms for parallel applications,” 8th AIAA/USAF/NASA/ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Long Beach, California September 6 - 8 2000
- Wipke, K. Cuddy M. Burch S. “ADVISOR 2.1: A User Friendly Advanced Powertrain Simulation Using a Combined Backward/Forward Approach.” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 48 6 0018-9545 Nov. 1999
- Garcelon, J. Wipke, K. Markel, T. “Hybrid Vehicle Design Optimization,” AIAA paper No. 2000-4745 Proc. 8th AIAA/USAF/NASA/ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Long Beach, CA Sept. 6-8 2000
- VisualDOC User's Manual, Version 2.0 Vanderplaats Research & Development, Inc. Colorado Springs, CO 2001
- FLUX2D User's Manual CEDRAT Corporation Meylan, France 2001
- FLUENT 5 User's Guide FLUENT, Inc. Lebanon, NH July 1998
- Chen, C. J. Maire, S. Usman, M. “Improved Fuel Tank Design Using Optimization,” 227 Design Optimization with Application in Industry 177 188 1997
- Wenzel, Ed “Long Fiber Thermoplastic Compression Molding of an instrument Panel Cross Car Beam,” Proc. Society of Plastics Engineers Automotive Composites Conference Michigan State University Management Center Troy, MI Sept. 2001
- GENESIS User-s Manual, Version 6 Vanderplaats Research & Development, Inc. Colorado Springs, CO 2001