This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Reforming Petroleum-Based Fuels for Fuel Cell Vehicles: Composition-Performance Relationships
Technical Paper
2002-01-1885
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Event:
Future Car Congress
Language:
English
Abstract
Onboard reforming of petroleum-based fuels, such as gasoline, may help ease the introduction of fuel cell vehicles to the marketplace. Although gasoline can be reformed, it is optimized to meet the demands of ICEs. This optimization includes blending to increase the octane number and addition of oxygenates and detergents to control emissions. The requirements for a fuel for onboard reforming to hydrogen are quite different than those for combustion. Factors such as octane number and flame speed are not important; however, factors such as hydrogen density, catalyst-fuel interactions, and possible catalyst poisoning become paramount. In order to identify what factors are important in a hydrocarbon fuel for reforming to hydrogen and what factors are detrimental, we have begun a program to test various components of gasoline and blends of components under autothermal reforming conditions. The results indicate that fuel composition can have a large effect on reforming behavior. Components which may be beneficial for ICEs for their octane enhancing value were detrimental to reforming. Fuels with high aromatic and naphthenic content were more difficult to reform. Aromatics were also found to have an impact on the kinetics for reforming of paraffins. The effects of sulfur impurities were dependent on the catalyst. Sulfur was detrimental for Ni, Co, and Ru catalysts. Sulfur was beneficial for reforming with Pt catalysts, however, the effect was dependent on the sulfur concentration.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | NOx Emissions and Efficiency of Hydrogen, Natural Gas, and Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blended Fuels |
| Technical Paper | Compact Fuel Processor for Fuel Cell-Powered Vehicles |
| Technical Paper | Ford Hydrogen Engine Powered P2000 Vehicle |
Authors
Citation
Kopasz, J., Miller, L., Ahmed, S., Devlin, P. et al., "Reforming Petroleum-Based Fuels for Fuel Cell Vehicles: Composition-Performance Relationships," SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-1885, 2002, https://doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-1885.Also In
References
- Arthur D. Little, Inc. “Multifuel Reformers for Fuel Cells used in Transportation-Assessment of Hydrogen Storage Technologies,” U.S. DOE Report DOE/CE/50343-1 1994
- Espino R.L. Robbins J.L. “Fuel and Fuel Reforming Options for Fuel Cell Vehicles” 30 th International Symposium on Automotive Technology and Automation Florence, Italy 1998
- Berlowitz P.J. Darnell C. P. “Fuel Choices for Fuel Cell Powered Vehicles,” SAE Technical Paper Series, 2000-01-0003 2000
- Ahmed S. Doshi R. Kumar R. Krumpelt M. “Gasoline to Hydrogen- a New Route for Fuel Cells” Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technology 77 1997
- Borup R. Inbody M. Morton B. Brown L. “Fuel Processing for Fuel Cells: Effects on Catalyst Durability and Carbon Formation” American Chemical Society 222nd ACS National Meeting Preprints, Division of Fuel Chemistry 46 671 2001
- Kumar R. Ahmed S. Krumpelt M. Myles K. M. “Reformers for the Production of Hydrogen from Methanol and Alternative Fuels for Fuel Cell Powered Vehicles” Argonne National Laboratory Report ANL-92/31 1992
- Flytzani-Stephanopoulos M. Voecks G. E. “Autothermal reforming of Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Liquids” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 8 539 548 1983
- Kopasz J.P. Ahmed S. Krumpelt M. Devlin P. “Challenges in reforming Gasoline: All Components are Not Created Equal” SAE Technical Paper Series, 2001-01-1915 2001
- Barresi A. A. Baldi G. “Deep Catalytic Oxidation of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Mixtures: Reciprocal Inhibition Effects and Kinetics” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 33 2964 1994
- Spivey J. J. “Complete Catalytic Oxidation of Volatile Organics” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 26 2165 1987