This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
In-Cylinder Combustion Visualization in an Auto-Igniting Gasoline Engine using Fuel Tracer- and Formaldehyde-LIF Imaging
Technical Paper
2001-01-1924
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In an optical accessible 4-stroke engine laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) imaging measurements of fuel tracer (3-pentanone) and formaldehyde were performed during the compression stroke and combustion. Formaldehyde (HCHO) is intermediately present at high concentrations within the cool flame and is burned later on when the “hot” combustion proceeds. It can be used as an internally generated tracer to observe the boundaries of the hot combustion zones. Despite the fact that a frequency-tripled Nd:YAG laser excites only weak transitions in the HCHO molecule, the high concentration (several thousands ppm) provide for sufficient signal intensity when detecting fluorescence above 395 nm. Using formaldehyde LIF, auto-ignition (occurring close to 356°ca) and the further development of combustion was observed. Combustion was completed within the field of view by 360°ca in most observed engine cycles. 3-pentanone which has been used frequently for fuel-concentration imaging in spark ignited engines was of limited use in the CAI engine due to laser and signal attenuation prior to top dead center as a result of tracer destruction during and UV absorption by cool-flame intermediates.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Graf, N., Gronki, J., Schulz, C., Baritaud, T. et al., "In-Cylinder Combustion Visualization in an Auto-Igniting Gasoline Engine using Fuel Tracer- and Formaldehyde-LIF Imaging," SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-1924, 2001, https://doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-1924.Also In
References
- Lavy J. Dabadie J.-C. Angelberger C. Duret P. Willand J. Juretzka A. Schäflein J. Ma T. Lendresse Y. Sartre A. Schulz C. Krämer H. Zhao H. Damiano L. “Innovative ultra-low NO x controlled auto-ignition combustion process for gasoline engines: the 4-SPACE project,” SAE 2000-01-1837 2000
- Najt P.M. Foster D.E. “Compression-ignited homogeneous charge combustion,” SAE 830264 1983
- Thing R.H. “Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines,” SAE 892068 1989
- Onishi S. Jo S.H. Shoda K. Jo P.D. Kato S. “Active thermo-atmosphere combustion (ATAC) - a new combustion process for internal combustion engines,” SAE 790501 1979
- Duret P. Venturi S. “Automotive calibration of the IAPAC fluid dynamically controlled automotive two-stroke combustion process,” SAE 960363 1996
- Richter M. Engström J. Franke A. Aldén M. Hultquist A. Johannson B. “The influence of charge inhomogeneity on the HCCI combustion process,” SAE 2000-01-2868 2000
- Warnatz J. Maas U. Dibble R.W. “Combustion” Springer Berlin, Heidelberg 1996
- Richter M. Franke A. Aldén M. Hultqvist A. Johansson B. “Optical Diagnostics applied to a naturally aspirated homogeneous charge compression ignition engine,” SAE 1999-01-3649 1999
- Bäuerle B. Hoffmann F. Behrendt F. Warnatz J. “Detection of hot spots in the end gas of an internal combustion engine using two-dimensional LIF of formaldehyde,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 25 135 141 1994
- Paul Ph.P. Najm H.N. “Planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging of flame heat release rate,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 27 43 50 1998
- Böckle S. Kazenwadel J. Kunzelmann T. Shin D.-I. Schulz C. Wolfrum J. “Simultaneous single-shot laser-based imaging of formaldehyde, OH and temperature in turbulent flames,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 28 279 287 2000
- Harrington J.E. Smyth K.C. “Laser-induced measurements of formaldehyde in a methane/air diffusion flame,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 202 196 201 1993
- Klein-Douwel R.J.H. Luque J. Jeffries J.B. Smith G.P. Croseley D.R. “Laser-induced fluorescence of formaldehyde hot bands in flames,” Appl. Opt. 39 3712 3715 2000
- Böckle S. Kazenwadel J. Kunzelmann T. Shin D.-I. Schulz C. “Single-shot laser-induced fluorescence imaging of formaldehyde with XeF excimer excitation,” Appl. Phys. B 70 733 735 2000
- Krämer H. Einecke S. Schulz C. Sick V. Nattrass S.R. Kitching J.S. “Simultaneous mapping of the distribution of different fuel volatility classes using tracer-LIF and NIR tomography in an IC engine,” SAE 982467 SAE Transactions 107 Journal of Fuels & Lubricants 1048 1059 1998
- Einecke S. Schulz C. Sick V. “Measurement of temperature and equivalence ratio distribution using tracer LIF in IC engine combustion,” Appl. Phys. B 71 717 723 2000
- Großmann F. Monkhouse P. Ridder M. Sick V. Wolfrum J. “Temperature and pressure dependences of the laser-induced fluorescence of gas-phase acetone and 3-pentanone,” Appl. Phys. B 62 249 253 1996
- Thurber M.C. Grisch F. Hanson R.K. “Temperature imaging with single- and dual-wavelength acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence,” Opt. Lett. 22 251 253 1997
- Thurber M.C. Hanson R.K. “Pressure and composition dependences of acetone laser-induced fluorescence with excitation at 248, 266 and 308 nm,” Appl. Phys. B 69 229 240 1999
- Shin D.-I. Peiter G. Dreier T. Volpp H.-R. Wolfrum J. “Spatially resolved measurements of CN, CH, NH and H 2 CO concentration profiles in a domestic gas boiler,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 28 2000
- Koch J. Hanson R.K. “Ketone photophysics for quantitative PLIF imaging,” AIAA paper 2001-0413 2001
- Einecke S. Schulz C. Sick V. Dreizler A. Schießl R. Maas U. “Two-dimensional temperature measurements in an SI engine using two-line tracer LIF,” SAE 982468 , SAE Transactions 107 Journal of Fuels & Lubricants 1060 1068 1998
- Shin D.-I. Dreier T. Wolfrum J. „Spatially resolved absolute concentration and fluorescence lifetime determination of H 2 CO in atmospheric pressure CH 4 /air flames,” Appl. Phys. B 2000