This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Responses of Human Surrogates to Simulated Rear Impact: Velocity and Level Dependent Facet Joint Kinematics
Technical Paper
2001-01-0175
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Event:
SAE 2001 World Congress
Language:
English
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the kinematics of the human head-neck complex with specific reference to posterior facet joints as a function of rear impact acceleration. Six intact human head-neck complexes were prepared by fixing the first thoracic vertebra in polymethylmethacrylate. The specimens were oriented such that the Frankfurt plane was horizontal and the cervico-thoracic disc was at an angle of 25 degrees to simulate the normal driving position. Retroreflective targets were inserted to the cervical vertebrae. The specimens were subjected to simulated rear impact accelerations using a minisled apparatus. A series of tests were conducted with velocities of 2.1, 4.6, 6.6, 9.3, and 12.4 km/h. In this study, to achieve the objective, results are presented on the facet joint motions at the C4–5, C5–6, and C6–7 levels as a function of change in velocity. Data were extracted from high-resolution high-speed video photography such that the compressive and sliding motions of the facet joints at the three levels were quantified and compared using statistical techniques. Results indicated that the cervical facet joints demonstrate compression of the most dorsal regions accompanied by distractions of the most ventral regions. Data demonstrated monotonically increasing variations of peak compression and peak sliding kinematics with increasing changes in velocity. However, C5–6 facet joints responded with higher magnitudes of compression at higher changes in velocity than their adjacent counterparts, but lower magnitudes at lower changes in velocity. These data may be of value in the determination of local changes in spinal component kinematics secondary to varying changes in rear impact acceleration.
Recommended Content
| Technical Paper | A Summary of Recent Side Impact Research Conducted by the Federal Highway Administration |
| Technical Paper | Dispelling the Misconceptions about Side Impact Protection |
Authors
Citation
Stemper, B., Yoganandan, N., and Pintar, F., "Responses of Human Surrogates to Simulated Rear Impact: Velocity and Level Dependent Facet Joint Kinematics," SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0175, 2001, https://doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-0175.Also In
References
- Aprill, C. Dwyer A. Bogduk N. Cervical zygapophyseal joint pain patterns II: A clinical evaluation Spine 1990 15 6 458 461
- Barnsley, L. Lord S. Bogduk N. Clinical Review - Whiplash Injury Pain 1994 58 283 307
- Bogduk, N. Pathonatomical assessment of whiplash, in Frontiers in Head and Neck Trauma: Clinical and Biomechanical Yoganandan, N. et al. 1998 IOS Press The Netherlands 299 307
- Clark, C.R., et al. The Cervical Spine Third ed. 1998 Philadelphia, PA Lippincott-Raven 1003
- Cusick, J.F., et al. Biomechanics of cervical spine facetectomy and fixation techniques Spine 1988 13 7 808 812
- Kaneoka, K., et al. Motion analysis of cervical vertebrae during whiplash loading Spine 1999 24 8 763 770
- Ono, K. Kaneoka K. Motion analysis of human cervical vertebrae during low speed rear impacts by the simulated sled 1997 Hannover Germany
- Ono, K. et al. Cervical injury mechanism based on the analysis of human cervical vertebral motion and head-neck-torso kinematics during low speed rear impacts Proc 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference 1997 Lake Buena Vista, FL Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
- Sherk, H.H., et al. The Cervical Spine Second ed. 1989 Philadelphia, PA JB Lippincott Co 881
- Winkelstein, B.A., et al. Cervical facet joint mechanics: Its application to whiplash injury Spine 2000 25 10 1238 1246
- Yoganadan, N et al Fronteriers in Head & Neck Trauma: Clinical & Biomechanical 1998 IOS Press The Netherlans 743
- Yoganandan, N. Pintar F.A. Frontiers in Whiplash Trauma: Clinical and Biomechanical 2000 IOS Press The Netherlands 590
- Yoganandan, N. et al. Head-neck biomechanics in simulated rear impact. in 42nd Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine 1998 Charlottesville, VA
- Yoganandan, N., et al. Injury biomechanics of the human cervical column Spine 1990 15 10 1031 1039
- Yoganandan, N Pintar, FA Kleinberger, M. Whiplash injury biomechanical experimentations Spine 1999 24 1 83 85