This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Hybrid Solar and Xenon-Metal Halide Lighting for Lunar and Martian Bioregenerative Life Support
Technical Paper
2000-01-2426
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The Hybrid Solar and Artificial Lighting (HYSAL) system used in this study consisted of a mirror-based Optical Waveguide (OW) Solar Lighting System as the solar component and four 60-W xenon-metal halide illuminators as the artificial-light component. A reference (or control) system consisted of a conventional 250-W high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp. Solar irradiance was harnessed whenever available for the HYSAL treatment. During the course of the 30-day growth period for lettuce (Lactuca sativa), the HYSAL's solar PPF varied with the natural fluctuations of terrestrial solar irradiance, which changed dramatically within each day and between days. When averaged over the entire growth period, the average instantaneous solar PPF for the HYSAL treatment turned out to be 322 μmol m−2 s−1 for an average daily photoperiod of only 3.86 hours owing to numerous cloudy days. Over the whole growth period, the xenon-metal halide lamps provided an average instantaneous PPF of 30 μmol m−2 s−1 continuously for 24 hours each day. The resulting total moles of photons received by the HYSAL treatment for 30 days were 199 moles/m2, being 60.6 % solar and 39.4 % artificial. The HPS reference was made to receive equal daily moles of photons as the HYSAL treatment throughout the growth period, resulting in both HPS reference and HYSAL treatment having the same total number of moles (199 moles/m2) at the end of the growth period. Over the entire growth period, the HPS reference had an average instantaneous PPF of 194 μmol m−2 s−1 and an average daily photoperiod of 9.5 hours. The resulting average total dry weight per plant for the HYSAL treatment of 1.37 ± 0.38 g exceeded significantly by 76% (α = 0.05) that for the HPS reference of only 0.78 ± 0.17 g. This significant discrepancy could be explained physiologically by the HPS reference having both significantly longer dark period and higher light compensation point (LCP) than the HYSAL treatment. Further experiment showed that it was indeed the composite lighting profile of the HYSAL treatment, not the light-quality factor, that effected the biomass discrepancy.
Authors
Citation
Cuello, J., Yang, Y., Ono, E., Jordan, K. et al., "Hybrid Solar and Xenon-Metal Halide Lighting for Lunar and Martian Bioregenerative Life Support," SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-2426, 2000, https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2426.Also In
References
- Averner M.L. 1989 Controlled Ecological Life Support System In Lunar Base Agriculture: Soils for Plant Growth Ming D.W. Heninger D.L.
- Ikeda, A. Tanimura Y. Ezaki E. Kawai Y. Nakayama S. Iwao K. Kogeyama H. 1992 Environmental Control and Operation Monitoring in a Plant Factory Using Artificial Light ISFA Paper No. 304 The Netherlands
- Cuello, J.L. Jack D. Sadler P. Nakamura T. 1999 Hybrid Solar and Artificial Lighting (HYSAL): Next-Generation Lighting Strategy for Bioregenerative Advanced Life Support 29 th International Conference on Environmental Systems. SAE: Engineering Society for Advancing Mobility in Air, Sea and Space. Paper No. 1999-01-204
- Nakamura, T. Case J.A. Mankamyer M. 1996 Optical Waveguide Solar Lighting System for Space-Based Plant Growing Solar Engineering. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers 347 358
- Nakamura, T. Case J.A. Jack D.A. Cuello J.L. 1999 Optical Waveguide Solar Plant Lighting System for Life Support in Space Proceedings of the 29 th International Conference on Environmental Systems. SAE: Engineering Society for Advancing Mobility in Air, Sea and Space. Paper No. 1999-01-205
- Dugas, J. Cariu J.M. Martin L. 1982 Optical fibers and Solar Energy. Aeronaut. Astronaut France 7 61
- George D.R. St. Feddes J.J.R. 1989 A fiber optic lighting system for horticultural production Paper #89-4580. American Society of Agricultural Engineers St. Joseph, MI
- Gilmore V.E. 1988 Sunflower over Tokyo Popular Sci. 232 5 75 114
- Lemmon M.T. 1998 Lunar and Planetary Laboratory The University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721
- Cuello, J.L. Sadler P. Jack D. Ono E. Jordan K.A. 1998 Evaluation of Light Transmission and Distribution Materials for Lunar and Martian Bioregenerative Life Support Life Support and Biosohere Science 5 4 389 402
- Ono, E. Cuello J.L. Jordan K. A. 1998 Design Parameters of Flat-Panel LED Modules for Plant Lighting Applications Life Support and Biosphere Science 5 2 151 158
- Heichel G.H. 1971 Confirming measurements of respiration and photosynthesis with dry matter accumulation Photosynthetica 5 93 98
- Volenec, J.J. Nelson C.J. Sleper D.A. 1984 Influence of temperature on leaf dark respiration of diverse tall fescue genotypes Crop Science 24 907 912
- Winzeler, M. McCullough D.E. Hunt L.A. 1988 Ontogenetic changes in respiration and photosynthesis in a uniculm barley Crop Science 16 786 7690
- Fonteno W.C. McWilliams E.L. 1978 Light compensation points and acclimatization of four tropical foliage plants Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science 103 1 52 56
- Walker D. 1992 Excited Leaves Tansley Review No. 36. New Phytology 121 325 345
- Walker D. 1987 The Use of the Oxygen Electrode and Fluorescence Probes in Simple Measurements of Photosynthesis Sheffield: Research Institute of Photosynthesis, University of Sheffield 80