This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Biodegradability Characteristics of Current and Newly-Developed Alternative Fuels
Technical Paper
1999-01-3518
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Concern with environmental issues such as global climate change has stimulated research into the development of more environmentally friendly technologies and energy sources. One critical area of our economy is liquid transportation fuels. In response to these issues, Pure Energy Corporation has developed engineered fuels which are largely composed of chemicals which can be generated from renewable materials. This paper presents the results of biodegradability testing of these alternative fuels and their components and compares them to that of current fuels. Alternative fuels tested included: E85, biodiesel, B20, and two engineered fuels from Pure Energy Corporation (P-Series and OxyDiesel). Gasoline and #2 diesel (diesel) were also run as baseline comparisons. Determination of the biodegradability potential of the chemicals and fuel formulations was determined by using the ASTM Standard Test Method for Determining, Ready, Ultimate, Biodegradability of Organic Chemicals in a Sealed Vessel CO2 Production Test, ASTM Method E 1720-95. Performance data is also given for the two Pure Energy fuels and compared to gasoline and diesel. All alternative fuels tested proved to be more biodegradable than the hydrocarbon fuels, gasoline and diesel.
Recommended Content
Citation
Speidel, H. and Ahmed, I., "Biodegradability Characteristics of Current and Newly-Developed Alternative Fuels," SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-3518, 1999, https://doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-3518.Also In
References
- Reuters, Limited, 1998 Robust US Economy Increases Gasoline Demand. By Tom Doggett, Infoseek, January 16
- Preining, O. 1993 On the Many Facets of Global Warming. World Resource Review. 5 2, 156 170
- Atlas, R. Bartha, R. 1993 Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals and Applications. 21 Benjamin Cummings, Redwood City California, ISBN 0-8053- 0653-6
- Lovelock, J.E. 1988 The Ages of Gaia: A Bibliography of Our Living Earth. W.W. Norton New York
- Haldane, J.B.S. 1932 The Causes of Evolution. Harper & Row, New York
- Oparin, A.I. 1938 The Origin of Life. Dover Publications, New York
- Dickerson, R. 1978 Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life. Scientific American 239 3 70 86
- Miller, S.L. 1957 The Formation of Organic Compounds on the Primitive Earth. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 69: 260 275
- Miller, S.L. Urey. H.C. 1959 Organic Compound Synthesis on the Primitive Earth. Science 130 245 251
- Miller, S.L. Orgel. L E. 1974 the Origins of Life on Earth. Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs N.J
- Cookson, J.T., Jr 1995 Bioremediation Engineering: Design and Application. McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, ISBN 0-07-012614-3
- Alexander, M. 1965 Advances in Applied Microbiology 7 35 80
- Alexander, M. 1994 Biodegradation and Bioremediation. Academic Press San Diego.
- American Society for Testing and Materials 1996 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 11,Vol. 11.05. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohoken, PA.
- Birch, R. R. Fletcher, R. J. 1991 The Application of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Measurements to the Study of Aerobic Biodegradability. Chemosphere 23 507 524
- Struijs, J. Stoltenkamp, J. 1990 Headspace Determination of Evolved Carbon Dioxide in a Biodegradability Screening Test. Ecology and Environmental Safety 19 204 211
- Boatman, R. J., Cunningham, S. L., Ziegler, D.A. 1986 A Method for Measuring the Biodegradation of Organic Chemicals. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 5 233 243
- Peterson, D. private communication
- Gledhill, W. E., 1975 Screening Test for Assessment of Ultimate Biodegradability: LAS. Applied Microbiology 30 922 929
- Sturm, R. N. 1973 Biodegradability of Nonionic Surfactants: Screening Test for Predicting Rate and Ultimate Biodegradation, Journal of American Oil Chemistry Society 50 159 167