This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Application of Signal Reconstruction to On-Road Emissions Testing
Technical Paper
1999-01-1462
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Due to increasing interest in the emissions-producing characteristics of today's automobiles, emissions testing procedures have come under close scrutiny. In addition, development of procedures to measure emissions of vehicles operating in “on-road” conditions have been proposed to gain knowledge of the instantaneous mass flow rates of various legislated gaseous emissions. The problem with the measurement of these instantaneous flow rates is that the responses of modern emissions analyzers to transients are too slow for reliable results. Therefore, a method for improving the dynamic response of these instruments is needed.
A method is described which utilizes generalized predictive control theory concepts in conjunction with system identification techniques to produce a software “filter” which reconstructs the distorted output of these analyzers. This “filter” is then applied to actual test data taken from part of an “on-road” emissions and fuel consumption project sponsored by the Federal Highways Administration in conjunction with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The procedure for procuring this data involved mapping the operational characteristics of the engine from a test vehicle subjected to “on-road” conditions. These operating points were then simulated on a chassis dynamometer with the post-catalyst exhaust of the vehicle connected to a set of emissions analyzers. Data was taken from these analyzers and passed, off-line, through the reconstruction filter. In addition, part of the Federal Urban Driving Schedule was simulated on the chassis dynamometer and emissions data collected from the test vehicle. For the purpose of this study, only a non-dispersive infra-red (NDIR) analyzer, which is used to measure carbon monoxide (CO), was used.
The results that are presented indicate that the generalized predictive control algorithm used in this investigation is valid and reveals a better understanding of the instantaneous concentrations of carbon monoxide emitted from a vehicle operating in real, “on-road” conditions. Furthermore, the results show how the raw, distorted output of the analyzer leads to erroneous assumptions pertaining to the actual production of carbon monoxide, and the specific time in the data record this event occurs.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Smith, D. and Hodgson, J., "Application of Signal Reconstruction to On-Road Emissions Testing," SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-1462, 1999, https://doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-1462.Also In
References
- Sluder, C. Scott Development of a Method for Determining Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption of Vehicles in On-Road Operation University of Tennessee 1995
- Beaumont, A.J. Noble A.D. Pilley A.D. “Signal Reconstruction Techniques for Improved Measurement of Transient Emissions,” SAE 900233
- Code of Federal Regulations National Archives and Records Administration July 1 1994
- Summers, T. Collings N. “Signal Reconstruction Applied to a Fast Response Flame Ionization Detector,” SAE 952541
- Noble, A.D. “Emissions Analyzer Input Reconstruction,” Ricardo Consulting Engineers Ltd. 1987
- Chan, S.H. Chen X. S. “Characterization and Signal Inference of a NDIR Automotive Emission Analyzer Used for Dynamic Measurement,” SAE 950223
- Clarke, D.W. Mohtadi C. Tuffs P.S. “Generalized Predictive Control-Part I. The Basic Algorithm,” Automatica 23 2 1987 137 148
- Ljung, Lennart System Identification: Theory for the User Prentice Hall New Jersey 1987
- Ljung, Lennart Glad Torkel Modeling of Dynamic Systems Prentice Hall New Jersey 1994
- Moscinski, Jerzy Ogonowski Zbigniew Advanced Control with MATLAB and SIMULINK Ellis Horwood London 1995
- Smith, David E. dsmith@utkux.utcc.utk.edu “GPC Question,” Ogonowski Zbigniew ZOGONOWSKI@coconut.ia.polsl.gli-wice.pl August 21 1996
- Clarke, D. W. “Long Range Predictive Control,” September 1996
- Ogonowski, Zbigniew “Application of Model Based Predictive Control to Acrynitryl Polymerization Reactor,” The Third IEEE Conference on Control Applications 1994
- Smith, David E. On the Reconstruction of Transient Automotive Emissions: An Application of Generalized Predictive Control Theory University of Tennessee 1996
- Stone, Richard Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines 2nd Society of Automotive Engineers 1995
- User's Manual for Rosemount Analytical NGA 2000 Series NDIR CO Analyzer 1994