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Effects of Seatback Recline and Belt Restraint Type on PMHS Responses and Injuries in Rear-Facing Frontal Impacts
- Yun-Seok Kang - The Ohio State University, USA ,
- Jason Stammen - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, USA ,
- Alexander Bendig - The Ohio State University, USA ,
- Amanda Agnew - The Ohio State University, USA ,
- Alena Hagedorn - Transportation Research Center, USA ,
- Colton Thomas - Transportation Research Center, USA ,
- Rakshit Ramachandra - Transportation Research Center, USA ,
- Hyun Jung Kwon - Transportation Research Center, USA ,
- Kevin Moorhouse - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, USA ,
- John Bolte - The Ohio State University, USA
Journal Article
09-10-02-0012
ISSN: 2327-5626, e-ISSN: 2327-5634
Sector:
Citation:
Kang, Y., Stammen, J., Bendig, A., Agnew, A. et al., "Effects of Seatback Recline and Belt Restraint Type on PMHS Responses and Injuries in Rear-Facing Frontal Impacts," SAE Int. J. Trans. Safety 10(2):235-289, 2022, https://doi.org/10.4271/09-10-02-0012.
Language:
English
Abstract:
One potential nonstandard seating configuration for vehicles with automated
driving systems (ADS) is a reclined seat that is rear facing in a frontal
collision. However, there are very limited biomechanical data in the rear-facing
seating configuration in high-speed frontal collisions. The objectives of this
study are (1) To investigate biomechanical responses and injuries from
postmortem human subjects (PMHS) seated in an original equipment manufacturer
(OEM) seat with a fixed D-ring (FDR) in a rear-facing frontal impact with ΔV of
56 km/h and (2) To compare PMHS responses and injuries from the FDR condition to
those from an all-belts-to-seat (ABTS) condition tested in a previous study. The
seat was rigidized in the rearward direction using a reinforcing frame that
contained instrumentation to measure occupant loads applied to the seats. PMHS
kinematics were measured using accelerometers and angular rate sensors that were
installed at various body regions. Strain gages were attached to both anterior
and posterior aspects of the ribs, as well as the midshaft of the femora and
tibiae. Chest deformations were quantified using a chestband that was installed
at the mid-sternum level. Biomechanical responses from the FDR condition were
compared to those from the ABTS condition. Seatback loads and ramp-up motions
were higher in the FDR than in the ABTS. Therefore, more injuries were
documented in the FDR condition than in the ABTS. The design of human body
models (HBMs) and anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) in rear-facing seating
configurations during a high-speed frontal impact can be enhanced using the
biomechanical responses and injuries provided in this study.