Advanced Ducted Propulsor In-Flight Thrust Determination

Aerospace Standard
AIR5450
Reaffirmed

Published June 09, 2014 by SAE International in United States

Sector:

Issuing Committee:

E-33 In Flight Propulsion Measurement Committee

Language: English

Scope

The emerging ultra high bypass ratio ADP engines, with nozzle pressure ratios significantly lower, and bypass ratios significantly higher, than those of the current turbofan engines, may present new in-flight thrust determination challenges that are not specifically covered in AIR1703. This document addresses candidate methods and the additional challenges to the thrust determination for these ADP engines.

These novel challenges result in part from the fact that some large ADP engines exceed present altitude test facility capabilities. The traditional methods of nozzle coefficient extrapolation may not be most satisfactory because of the increased error due to the ADP higher ratio of gross to net thrust, and because of the increased sensitivity of in-flight thrust uncertainty at the lower fan nozzle pressure ratio. An additional challenge covered by this document is the higher sensitivity of ADP in-flight thrust uncertainty to the external flow field around the engine, and the changes in this flow field due to aircraft configuration and operations.

Calibrations for in-flight thrust determination for these ADP engines may have to be based on other alternate methods. Recently, large size turbo powered simulators (TPS) of propulsion systems (including the nacelle) have been developed and thus provide a new capability for in-flight thrust determination. Furthermore Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis may prove to be a viable supplement to ground (sea level) engine testing and sub-scale model coefficient extrapolations to cruise conditions. These recent developments are described within along with their associated error assessments.

The candidate thrust methods build on the work presented in AIR1703. The document includes a comprehensive uncertainty assessment conducted per AIR1678 to identify the major thrust determination options. Fundamental to this uncertainty assessment are the influence coefficients relating in-flight thrust calculation uncertainty to the measured parameters and derived coefficients. These influence coefficients were developed from three typical public domain, generic engine cycle models.

For the major potential thrust determination options, the overall thrust and airflow calibration processes are defined in detail. Road maps are included showing model, engine and flight-tests, measurements and correlations, calibration procedures and analyses. The document addresses the pros and cons of each of the major thrust determination options, including a discussion of the key assumptions and expected uncertainties.

Rationale

AIR5450 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy.

Data Sets - Support Documents

Title	Description	Download
Unnamed Dataset 1
Unnamed Dataset 2
Unnamed Dataset 3
Unnamed Dataset 4
Unnamed Dataset 5
TABLE 1	DEFINITION OF TERMS THAT COMPRISE F
TABLE 2	NUMERICAL EXAMPLES BASED ON ISOLATED CFD ANALYSIS.
TABLE 3	LOW ROTOR SPEED CALCULATION PROCESS
TABLE 4	FUEL FLOW CALCULATION PROCESS
Unnamed Dataset 10
Unnamed Dataset 11
Unnamed Dataset 12
Unnamed Dataset 13
Unnamed Dataset 14
Unnamed Dataset 15
Unnamed Dataset 16
Unnamed Dataset 17
Unnamed Dataset 18
Unnamed Dataset 19
Unnamed Dataset 20
Unnamed Dataset 21
TABLE 5	CYCLE DESIGN PARAMETERS
TABLE 6	ANALYSIS CONDITIONS
TABLE 7	MEASUREMENT AND MODEL ERROR ASSUMPTIONS
TABLE 7	MEASUREMENT AND MODEL ERROR ASSUMPTIONS
TABLE 7	MEASUREMENT AND MODEL ERROR ASSUMPTIONS
TABLE 7	MEASUREMENT AND MODEL ERROR ASSUMPTIONS
TABLE 8	PERCENT IN-FLIGHT NET THRUST UNCERTAINTIES (FOR GIVEN ASSUMPTIONS)
TABLE 8	PERCENT IN-FLIGHT NET THRUST UNCERTAINTIES (FOR GIVEN ASSUMPTIONS)
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE A2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE A2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE A2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE A2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE A2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE A2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE A2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE A2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE A3	Set 7.
TABLE A4	Cycle inputs for BPR = 6.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE B2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE B2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE B2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE B2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE B2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE B2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE B2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE B2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE B3	Set 7.
TABLE B4	Cycle inputs for BPR = 12.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C1	Sets 5, 6, and 8 - 10.
TABLE C2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE C2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE C2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE C2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE C2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE C2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE C2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE C2	Sets 11-14.
TABLE C3	Set 7.
TABLE C4	Cycle inputs for BPR = 15.

Reference

Number	Title
AGARD-CP-124	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-84-0593	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-87-2921	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-89-2486	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-90-2015	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-90-2146	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-93-0528	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-94-2554	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-95-1820	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-97-0641	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIAA-98-3112	This document is not part of the subscrption.
AIR1678	UNCERTAINTY OF IN-FLIGHT THRUST DETERMINATION
AIR1703	In-Flight Thrust Determination
AIR4065	Propeller/Propfan In-Flight Thrust Determination
AIR5020	Time-Dependent In-Flight Thrust Determination
ARP4990	TURBINE FLOWMETER FUEL FLOW CALCULATIONS
AS755	This document is not part of the subscrption.
NASATM106575	This document is not part of the subscrption.
PAPER861720	This document is not part of the subscrption.
PAPER912129	This document is not part of the subscrption.
PAPER942140	This document is not part of the subscrption.
PAPER942141	This document is not part of the subscrption.
SP-0674	In-Flight Thrust Determination and Uncertainty
SP-674	This document is not part of the subscrption.
TR-72-136	This document is not part of the subscrption.
TR-73-144	This document is not part of the subscrption.
TR-78-100	This document is not part of the subscrption.

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Advanced Ducted Propulsor In-Flight Thrust Determination

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