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Requirements and Layout of State-of-the-Art Intake Systems for Passenger Car Gasoline Engines under Consideration of Material and Production Aspects
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English
Abstract
The intake manifold of a gasoline engine has a significant influence on the operational behavior of the engine. With respect to the dominating influence parameters on the full load behavior which are the runner length and cross section, the requirement of a variable intake manifold geometry becomes stronger than ever before. For the part load behavior, the intake charge motion is gaining more significance as well, which leads to new requirements for variable elements in the intake manifold.
Besides these directly influencing layout parameters on the gas exchange and combustion process, secondary aspects such as the satisfaction of the acoustical requirements, the weight reduction and the integration of other components and functions into the complex intake manifold module will be discussed.
The intake manifold of passenger car gasoline engines has undergone a significant development progress during the last two decades. The introduction of the multi point fuel injection (MPI) and the multi valve technology has increased the freedom for the layout and the design. On the other hand, the requirements with respect to the engine fuel consumption, the emission reduction, the driveability and the riding comfort of the vehicles have increased. Both developments have raised the intake manifold of modern engine concepts to an important and highly complex integral part of the entire engine system.
Subject of this paper is to highlight about the measures on the intake side which are pursued to optimize the operational behavior and the cost and weight reduction of today's gasoline engines. It has to be noted that similar development trends can be observed on Diesel engines as well. Following the survey over the various influences of the intake manifold layout, the motivation and the realization of design of variable intake manifolds (VIM) will be addressed. Subsequently the measures to reduce the intake orifice noise will be discussed. Finally a view to alternative materials, manufacturing processes and the trend to multi functional intake modules will be given.