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Application of CFD in the Software Design of Environmental Control and Life Support Systems for the International Space Station
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Abstract
A review is made of the mathematical problem of predicting the heat and mass transfer processes for the environmental/thermal control and life support systems of the International Space Station (ISS). These systems include, but are not limited to, pumps, flow control orifices, vent valves, heat exchangers, condensing heat exchangers, tubes, ducts, inter-module ventilation systems, contaminant gas removal systems, atmosphere revitalization and supply as well as temperature, total pressure, and humidity control.
Existing techniques used for the Environmental Control and Life Support Systems (ECLSS) Resource Utilization Planning Modeling (RUPSM) are discussed. It is argued that the thermal systems networking approach required much smaller time steps and intensive matrix operations due to the explicit method used in the approach and that the continuum approach employed in the paper utilizing computational fluid dynamics techniques provides a high level of fidelity and quick turnarounds. It is noticed that no pseudo numerical sequence is invoked and no matrix operations are required in the methodology used in the paper. This results in substantial computational speed-up of several orders of magnitude compared to the traditional thermal systems networking approach.
Preliminary studies reveal that a turnaround time for the use of a simplified Pre-Flight STS-74 Mission timeline into the ECLSS RUPSM simulation is approximately 2000 to 1 and that the performance goal to support 90 days pre-increment flight planning for the entire station in a typical work shift is absolutely possible.
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Citation
Tam, L., "Application of CFD in the Software Design of Environmental Control and Life Support Systems for the International Space Station," SAE Technical Paper 981579, 1998, https://doi.org/10.4271/981579.Also In
References
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