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Why People Die in Motor Vehicle Crashes: Linking Detailed Causes of Death with FARS Data
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Abstract
NHTSA's Fatal Crash Reporting System (FARS) collects information on all US fatal public roadway motor vehicle crashes.1 However, FARS contains only the information “K”(killed) as injury information for the individuals sustaining fatal injuries. This paper discusses how a 100 fold improvement in injury detail can be obtained with ICD-9 mortality information by linking FARS with the Vital Statistics Multiple Cause of Death (MCOD) database.2 This link, developed by NHTSA, is accomplished on an individual by individual basis. The FARS database contains about 40,000 individuals killed per year, and nearly 25 years of data available. A multi-year linked FARS-MCOD database can contain detailed cause of death for more than 1,000,000 motor vehicle fatalities. The linked FARS-MCOD allows the reasons why people die in MVC to be studied down to specific vehicle make/model combinations. This paper shows results for a sample year of linked FARS-MCOD data, 1989, to illustrate the type of data produced and some potential uses of the data.1,2 The linking of other years, and linking to even more detailed injury information is underway.
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Authors
Citation
Mango, N. and Garthe, E., "Why People Die in Motor Vehicle Crashes: Linking Detailed Causes of Death with FARS Data," SAE Technical Paper 980216, 1998, https://doi.org/10.4271/980216.Also In
References
- Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Fatal Crash Reporting System, Annual Report 1995
- National Center for Health Statistics Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Vital Statistics, Mortality Statistics Branch, Multiple Cause of Death Files
- American National Standards Institute ANSI Standard D16.1, National Safety Council -Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents Washington, D.C.
- International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision, Clinical Modification fifth Medicode Publications Salt Lake City, Utah 1996
- World Health Organization International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems Tenth Revision I, II, III Geneva Switzerland 1992
- Garthe, E. Mango, N. “A Motor Vehicle Crash Injury Specific Map - ICD-9-CM to NASS/CDS” 1997 Annual Conference of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine
- World Health Organization International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems Ninth Revision I, II, III Geneva Switzerland 1977
- National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 1993 National Crash Sampling System 1993 Crashworthiness Data System Injury Coding Manual Washington, DC National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Calspan Corporation
- Garthe, E “Comparison of the AIS-85 and AIS-90 with NASS-93,” Paper presented at the 1996 Society of Automotive Engineers Annual Conference Detroit, MI SAE Technical Paper No. 960095
- Garthe, E. Mango, N. “A Method of Mapping Pre & Post NASS-93 Injury Descriptions to Enable Multi-Year Data Comparisons” Paper # 96MJA125 Annual Meeting of the Society of Automotive Engineers February 1997
- National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 1993 1994 1995 National Crash Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System Washington, DC National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention “Proposed matrix of e-code groupings for presenting injury mortality and morbidity data” April 1 1997 http:// www.cdc.gov/ncipc/whatsnew/matrix.htm
- Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety administration NASS Crashworthiness Data System Annual Report 1995
- The Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System Johnson, S. Walker, J. NHTSA Technical Report January 1996
- National Center for Health Statistics
- National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Vital Statistics, Mortality Statistics Branch, Multiple Cause of Death files documentation