This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
A Numerical Study of Cavitating Flow Through Various Nozzle Shapes
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The flow through diesel fuel injector nozzles is important because of the effects on the spray and the atomization process. Modeling this nozzle flow is complicated by the presence of cavitation inside the nozzles. This investigation uses a two-dimensional, two-phase, transient model of cavitating nozzle flow to observe the individual effects of several nozzle parameters. The injection pressure is varied, as well as several geometric parameters. Results are presented for a range of rounded inlets, from r/D of 1/40 to 1/4. Similarly, results for a range of L/D from 2 to 8 are presented. Finally, the angle of the corner is varied from 50° to 150°. An axisymmetric injector tip is also simulated in order to observe the effects of upstream geometry on the nozzle flow. The injector tip calculations show that the upstream geometry has a small influence on the nozzle flow. The results demonstrate the model's ability to predict cavitating nozzle flow in several different geometries.
Recommended Content
Authors
Citation
Schmidt, D., Rutland, C., and Corradini, M., "A Numerical Study of Cavitating Flow Through Various Nozzle Shapes," SAE Technical Paper 971597, 1997, https://doi.org/10.4271/971597.Also In
References
- Montgomery D. T. Chan M. Chang C. T. Farrell P. V. Reitz R. D. “Effect of Injector Nozzle Hole Size and Number on Spray Characteristics and the Performance of a Heavy Duty D.I. Diesel Engine,” SAE Paper 962002 1996
- Bergwerk W. “Flow Pattern in Diesel Nozzle Spray Holes,” Proc. of the Inst. of Mech. Eng. 173 655 660 1959
- Nurick W. H. “Orifice Cavitation and Its Effects on Spray Mixing,” J. of Fluids Engineering 98 1976
- Hiroyasu H. Arai M. Shimizu M. “Break-Up Length of a Liquid Jet and Internal Flow in a Nozzle,” ICLASS-91 Gaithersburg, MD 275 282 July 1991
- Chaves H. et al. “Experimental Study of Cavitation in the Nozzle Hole of Diesel Injectors Using Transparent Nozzles,” SAE Paper No. 950290 199 211 1995
- Soteriou Celia Andrews Richard Smith Mark “Direct Injection Diesel Sprays and the Effect of Cavitation and Hydraulic Flip on Atomization,” SAE Paper No. 950080 27 51 1995
- Delannoy Y. Kueny J. L. “Two Phase Flow Approach in Unsteady Cavitation Modeling,” Cavitation and Multiphase Flow Forum, ASME FED 98 153 158 1990
- Chen Yongliang Heister Stephen D. “A Numerical Treatment for Attached Cavitation,” J. of Fluids Engineering 116 3 613 618 1994
- Chen Yongliang Heister Stephen D. “Two-Phase Modeling of Cavitated Flows,” Computers and Fluids 24 7 799 809 1995
- Avva Ram K. Singhal Ashok Gibson Dennis H. “An Enthalpy Based Model of Cavitation.” ASME FED 226 63 70 1995
- Schmidt David P. Rutland Christopher J. Corradini M. L. “A Fully Compressible Two-Dimensional Model of High Speed Cavitating Nozzles”
- Kubota A. Kato H. Yamaguchi H. “Finite Difference Analysis of Unsteady Cavitation on a Two-Dimensional Hydrofoil,” Proc. of the 5th Int. Conf. on Numerical Ship Hydrodynamics Hiroshima 667 683 Sept. 1989
- Wallis Graham B. One-dimensional Two-phase Flow McGraw-Hill 143 1969
- Zijlema M. “On the Construction of a Third-Order Accurate Monotone Convection Scheme with Application to Turbulent Flows in General Domains,” Int. J. for Numerical Methods in Fluids 22 619 641 1996
- Thompson Kevin W. “Time Dependent Boundary Conditions for Hyperbolic Systems,” J. of Comp. Physics 68 1 24 1987
- Knox-Kelecy Andrea L. Farrell Patrick V. “Internal Flow in a Scale Model of a Diesel Fuel Injector Nozzle,” SAE Paper No. 922308 1 7 1992
- Reitz Rolf Deneys Atomization and Other Breakup Regimes of a Liquid Jet Ph.D. thesis Princeton Univ. 163 1978
- Ohm T. R. Senser D. W. Lefebvre A. H. “Geometric Effects on Spray Cone Angle for Plain-Orifice Atomizers,” Atomization and Sprays 1 137 153 1991
- Gelalles A. G. “Coefficients of Discharge of Fuel Injection Nozzles for Compression-Ignition Engines,” NACA Technical Memo 373 193 209 1931
- Lamb, Sir Horace Hydrodynamics 6th Dover Publications New York 1932
- Koo J. Y. Characteristics of a Transient Diesel Fuel Spray Ph.D. thesis Dept. of Mech. Eng., University of Wisconsin-Madison 1991