This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Parametric Finite Element Studies of the Human Pelvis: The Influence of Load Magnitude and Duration on Pelvic Tolerance During Side Impact
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
The objective of this research was to further elucidate the biomechanical etiology of pelvis fracture under simulated automotive side impact conditions. The finite element (FE) method was used to evaluate pelvis fracture tolerance through a series of parametric tests to determine the effect of both force magnitude and duration of application. The results of FE analyses were compared to previous experimental cadaveric test data under the same load conditions to seek validation of the model. The hemi-pelvis FE model used in this study was a modified version of an earlier model, consisting of 2199 elements and 3161 nodes. Material behavior was defined per element using 524 Hookean-based material property values. Parametric dynamic analyses of the model were performed using the first 150 ms of the force-time history. Dynamic loading was applied as a linear ramp through the angle of the greater trochanter to the acetabulum, simulating a femur position in 90° flexion. Dynamic analysis of the model was performed in 2 phases. Phase I: Validation study: F = 6.25 kN with a rise time of Δt = 55.6 ms. Phase II: Parametric Studies: A) Three load cases with constant peak load F = 10 kN. Rise time varied: Δt = 20, 40, and 80 ms. B) Three load cases with constant rise time Δt = 25 ms. Load varied as follows: F = 5, 10, and 20 kN. These studies suggest that acetabular fracture of an isolated hemi-pelvis may be predicted using the finite element method. An increase in rise time for a constant peak load will increase the likelihood for isolated acetabular fracture. An increase in peak load for a constant rise time will increase the likelihood for pubic rami fracture.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
Plummer, J., Bidez, M., and Alonso, J., "Parametric Finite Element Studies of the Human Pelvis: The Influence of Load Magnitude and Duration on Pelvic Tolerance During Side Impact," SAE Technical Paper 962411, 1996, https://doi.org/10.4271/962411.Also In
References
- McDonald, S. T. Memenga, S. E. Vehicle Impact Location and Its Relationship to Occupant Injuries SAE 860200 1986
- Campbell, K. L. Wasko, R. J. Henson, S. E. Analysis of Side Impact Test Data Comparing SID and BIOSID SAE 902319 1990
- Cavanaugh, J. M. Huang, Y. Zhu, J. Y. Biomedical Issues in Automotive Side Impact Protection 1993 ASME Bioengineering Conference Breckinridge, Colorado 534 537 1993
- Mackay, G. M. Hill, J. Parkin, S. Restrained Occupants on the Non-struck Side in Lateral Collisions Accident Analysis & Prevention 25 2 147 152 1993
- Otte, D. Comparison and Realism of Crash Simulation Tests and Real Accident Situations for the Biomechanical Movements in Collisions SAE 902329 1990
- Rouhana, S. W. Foster, M. E. Lateral Impact - An Analysis of the Statistics in the NCSS SAE 851727 1985
- Conolly, W. B. Hedberg, E. A. Observations on Fractures of the Pelvis Journal of Trauma 9 2 104 111 1969
- Grattan, E. Hobbs, J. A. Injuries to Hip Joint in Car Occupants British Medical Journal 1 71 73 1969
- Huelke, D. F. Compton, C. P. Analysis of Passenger Car Side Impacts - Crash Location, Injuries, AIS and Contacts SAE 920353 1992
- Kanianthra et. al. Comparative Performance of SID, BIOSID, and EUROSID in Lateral, Pendulum, Sled, and Car Impacts Experimental Safety Vehicles 573
- Moffatt, C. A. Mitter E. L. Martinez, R. Pelvic Fractures Crash Vehicle Indicators Accident Analysis & Prevention 22 6 561 569 1990
- Pattimore, D. Ward, E. Thomas, P. Bradford, M. The Nature and Cause of Lower Limb Injuries in Car Crashes SAE 912901 1991
- Pearson, J. R. Hargadon, E. J. Fractures of the Pelvis involving the Floor of the Acetabulum Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 44-B 3 550 561 1962
- Reidelbach, W. Zeidler, F. What is a Realistic Lateral Impact Test? SAE 830460 1983
- States, J. D. Adult Occupant Injuries of the Lower Limb SAE 861927 1986
- Huelke, D. F. Sherman, H. W. Steigmeyer, J. L. Side Impacts to the Passenger Compartment - Clinical Studies from Field Accident Investigations SAE 890379 1989
- Melvin, J. W O'Day, J. Campbell, K. L. Robbins, D. H. Huelke, D. F. Side Impacts: A Comparison of Laboratory Experiments and NCSS Crashes SAE 800176 1980
- Gillott, A. Rhodes, M. Lucke, J. Utility of Routine Pelvic X-ray During Blunt Trauma Resuscitation Journal of Trauma 28 11 1570 1574 1988
- Judet, R. Judet, J. Letournel, E. Fractures of the Acetabulum: Classification and Surgical Approaches for Open Reduction Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 46-A 8 1615 1675 1964
- Letournel, E. Judet, R. Fractures of the Acetabulum Springer-Verlag New York 1981
- Mayo, K. A. Fractures of the Acetabulum Orthopedic Clinics of North America 18 1 43 57 1987
- Mucha, P. Jr. Recognizing and Avoiding Complications with Pelvis Fractures Infections in Surgery 1985 January 53 62 1985
- Walz, F. H. Lower Abdomen and Pelvis: Anatomy and Types of Injury Biomechanics Of Impact Trauma Aldman B. Chapon A. Elsevier Science Publishers Amsterdam 1984 279 287 1984
- Bidez, M. W. Scales, V. L. Alonso, J. A Preliminary Report of Intra-articular Fractures of the Acetabulum Proceedings of the 1st CDC Injury Prevention Through Biomechanics Symposium 1991
- Bucholz, R. W. Injuries of the Pelvis and Hip Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America 2 2 331 346 1984
- Heeg, M. Klasen, H. J. Visser, J. D. Operative Treatment for Acetabular Fractures Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 72-B 3 383 386 1990
- Hofmann, A. A. Dahl, C. P. Wyatt, R. W. B. Experience with Acetabular Fractures Journal of Trauma 24 3 750 752 1984
- King, A. I. In Review of Biomechanical Impact Response and Injury in the Automotive Environment Melvin J. W. Weber K. 1985
- Matta, J. M. Merritt, P. O. Displaced Acetabular Fractures Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research 230 May 83 97 1988
- Eichenholtz, S. N. Stark, R. M. Central Acetabular Fractures Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 64-A 4 695 714 1964
- Berry, J. L. Development of a Finite Element Model as a Predictor of Pelvic Fractures University of Alabama Birmingham 1992
- Dalstra, M. Huiskes, R. The Influence of Metal Backing in Cemented Cups 37th Annual Meeting, Orthopaedic Research Society 272 1991
- Goel, V. K. Valliappan, S. Svensson, N. L. Stresses in the Normal Pelvis Computers in Biology and Medicine 8 91 104 1978
- Oonishi, H. Isha, H. Hasegawa, T. Mechanical Analysis of the Human Pelvis and Its Application to the Artificial Hip Joint - By Means of the Three Dimensional Finite Element Method Journal of Biomechanics 16 6 427 444 1983
- Renaudin, F. Guillemot, H. Lavaste, F. Skalli, W. Lesage, F. Pecheux, C. A 3-D Finite Element Model of the Pelvis in Side Impact SAE 933130 1993
- Scales, V. L. Fracture Tolerance of Human Cadaveric Pelyes Subjected to Dynamic Loads University of Alabama Birmingham 1993
- Rice, J. C. Cowin, S. C Bowman, J. A. On the Dependence of the Elasticity and Strength of Cancellous Bone on Apparent Density Journal of Biomechanics 21 2 155 168 1988
- Cowin, S. C. Bone Mechanics CRC Press Boca Raton, Florida 1989
- Viano, D. C. Lau, I. V. Asbury, C. King, A. I. Begeman, P. Biomechanics of the Human Chest, Abdomen, and Pelvis in Lateral Impact 33rd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Baltimore, MD 367 382 1989
- Zhu, J. Y. Cavanaugh, J. M. King, A. I. Pelvic Biomechanical Response and Padding Benefits in Side Impact Based on a Cadaveric Test Series SAE 933128 1993
- Nusholtz, G. S. Kaiker, P. S. Pelvis Stress Journal of Biomechanics 19 12 1003 1014 1986
- Cesari, D. Ramet, M. Pelvic Tolerance and Protection Criteria in Side Impact SAE 821159 1982
- Cesari, D. Johnson, A. K. Evaluation of Improved Protection and Dummy Biofidelity in Side Impact SAE 826059 1982
- Cavanaugh, J. M. Walilko, T. J. Malhotra, A. Zhu, Y. King, A. I. Biomechanical Response and Injury Tolerance of the Pelvis in Twelve Sled Side Impacts SAE 902305 1990
- Fayon, A. Tarrière, C. Walfisch, G. Got, C. Patel, A. Contributions to Defining the Human Tolerance to Perpendicular Side Impact Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Impact Trauma 297 309 IRCOBI Bron, France 1977
- Brun-Cassan F. Leung, Y. C. Tarrière, C. Fayon, A. Patel, A. Got, C. Hureau, J. Determination of Knee-Femur-Pelvis Tolerance from the Simulation of Car Frontal Impacts Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on the Biomechanics of Impacts 101 105 IRCOBI Bron, France 1982
- Nusholtz, G. S. Alem, N. M. Melvin, J. W. Impact Response and Injury to the Pelvis Proceedings of the 26th Stapp Car Crash Conference 103 144 SAE Warrendale, Pennsylvania 1982
- Patrick, L. M. et. al. Forces on the Human Body in Simulated Crashes Proceedings of the 9th Stapp Car Crash Conference 237 259 University of Minnesota Minneapolis 1966
- Marcus, J. H. Morgan, R. M. Eppinger, R. H. Kallieris, D. Mattern, R. Schmidt, G. Human Response to and Injury from Lateral Impact Proceedings of the 27th Stapp Car Crash Conference 419 432 SAE Warrendale, Pennsylvania 1983
- Cesari, D. Ramet, M. Bouquet, R. Tolerance of Human Pelvis to Fracture and Proposed Pelvic Protection Criterion to be Measured on Side Impact Dummies SAE 826036 1982
- Evans, F. G. Lissner, H. R. Studies on Pelvic Deformations and Fractures Anatomical Record 121 141 165 1955
- Doorly, T. P. G. Forces Imposed on the Hip-Joint in Car Collisions Journal of Traffic Medicine 6 44 46 1978