This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Effects of Oxygen-Enriched Intake Air on FFV Exhaust Emissions Using M85
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
This paper presents the results of emission tests of a flexible fuel vehicle (FFV) powered by an SI engine, fueled by M85, and supplied with oxygen-enriched intake air containing nominal 21%, 23%, and 25% oxygen (by volume). Emission data were collected by following the standard federal test procedure (FTP) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) “off-cycle” test EPA-REP05. Engine-out total hydrocarbons (THCs) and unburned methanol were considerably reduced in the entire FTP cycle when the oxygen content of the intake air was either 23% or 25%. However, CO emissions did not vary appreciably, and NOx emissions were higher. Formaldehyde emissions were reduced by about 53% in bag 1, 84% in bag 2, and 59% in bag 3 of the FTP cycle when 25% oxygen-enriched intake air was used. During the cold-phase FTP, reductions of about 42% in THCs, 40% in unburned methanol, 60% in nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), and 45% in nonmethane organic gases (NMOGs) were observed when 25% oxygen-enriched intake air was used. The corresponding NOx emissions increased by about 78%. In general, converter-out emissions obtained were also reduced when oxygen-enriched intake air was used, but to a lesser degree. Off-cycle, bag 3 converter-out emissions were reduced when 23% oxygen-enriched intake air was used; CO emissions were reduced by about 67%, and THCs were reduced by about 52%. The FFVs operating on M85 that use 25% oxygen-enriched intake air during only the initial 127 s of the cold-phase FTP or that use 23% or 25% oxygen-enriched intake air during only the cold-phase FIP can meet (without adjusting for catalyst deterioration factors) the reactivity-adjusted NMOG, CO, NOx, and formaldehyde emission standards of the transitional low-emission vehicle (TLEV).
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | The Potential Benefits of Intake Air Oxygen Enrichment in Spark Ignition Engine Powered Vehicle |
Technical Paper | Spindt Air-Fuel Ratio Method Generalization for Oxygenated Fuels |
Technical Paper | Developmental Fuels Emissions Evaluation |
Authors
Topic
Citation
Poola, R., Sekar, R., Ng, H., Baudino, J. et al., "The Effects of Oxygen-Enriched Intake Air on FFV Exhaust Emissions Using M85," SAE Technical Paper 961171, 1996, https://doi.org/10.4271/961171.Also In
Alternative Fuel: Composition, Performance, Engines, and Systems
Number: SP-1181; Published: 1996-05-01
Number: SP-1181; Published: 1996-05-01
References
- Singsby, J.E. et al. “Volatile Emission Compounds from 46 In-Use Passenger Cars,” Environmental Science and Technology 21 5 1987
- Nichols, R.J. Clinton E.L. King E.T. Smith C.S. Wineland R.J. “A View of Flexible Fuel Vehicle Aldehyde Emissions,” SAE paper 881200 1988
- Harris, J.N. Russell A.G. Milford J.B. “Air Quality Implications of Methanol Fuel Utilization,” SAE Paper 881198 1988
- Moses, G. Saricks C. “A Review of Methanol Vehicles and Air Quality Impacts,” SAE Paper 872053 1987
- McCabe, R.W. King E.T. Watkins W.L.H. Gandhi H.S. “Laboratory and Vehicle Studies of Aldehyde Emissions from Alcohol Fuels,” SAE Paper 900708 1990
- Gottberg, I. Rydquist J.E. Backlund O. Wallman S. Maus W. Bruck R. Swars H. “New Potential Exhaust Gas After-Treatment Technologies for Clean Car Legislation,” SAE Paper 910840 1991
- Socha, L.S., Jr. Gulati S.T. Locker R.J. Then P.M. Zink U. “Advances in Durability and Performance of Ceramic Preconverter System,” SAE Paper 950407 1995
- Quader, A.A. “Exhaust Emissions and Performance of a Spark-Ignition Engine Using Oxygen-Enriched Intake Air,” Combustion Science and Technology 19 81 86 1978
- Willumeit, H.P. Bauer M. “Emissions and Performance of an S.I. Engine Inducting Oxygen-Enriched Combustion Air,” MTZ Motortechnische Zeitschrift 49 149 152 1988
- Poola, R.B. Ng H.K. Sekar R.R. Baudino J.H. Colucci C.P. “Utilizing Intake Air Oxygen-Enrichment Technology to Reduce Cold-Phase Emissions,” SAE Paper 952420 1995
- Poola, R.B. Sekar R.R. Ng H.K. 1996
- Ng, H.K. Novick V.J. Sekar R.R. “Using Monatomic Nitrogen Induced by a Pulsed Arc to Remove Nitrogen Oxides from a Gas Stream,” ASME Fall Technical Conference 25-1 73 80 1995
- Nemser, S.M. Roman I.C. “Perfluorodioxole Membranes,” 1991
- Ng, H.K. Sekar R.R. Kraft S.W. Stamper K.R. “The Potential Benefits of Intake Air Oxygen-Enrichment in Spark Ignition Engine Powered Vehicle,” SAE Paper 932803 1993
- Code of Federal Regulations July 1993
- Sweeney, E.G. Baudino J.H. Schmidt C.H. “Composition of Gasoline Vehicle Emissions-An Analytical Speciation Program,” SAE Paper 922253 1992
- California Air Resources Board Reactivity (MIR and MOIR) Assignments CARB Nov. 14 1991
- McCabe, R.W. Mitchell P.J. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. & Dev. 22 1983
- Ito, K. Fujita O. “The Effects of NO2 on Catalytic Oxidation of Unburned Species from a Methanol-Fueled Spark-Ignition Engine,” Twentieth Symposium (International) on Combustion The Combustion Institute 53 59 1984
- Kowalewicz, A. “Methanol as a Fuel For Spark-Ignition Engines: A Review and Analysis,” I.Mech.E., J. of Automobile Engineering 207 43 52 1993
- Kroll, M. Decker G. Hartung A. Postulka A. Georgi B. “Influence of Fuel Composition on NMOG-Emissions and Ozone-Forming Potential,” SAE Paper 932676 1993
- Proposed Amendments to Low-Emission Vehicle Regulations California Air Resources Board Staff Report August 1995