This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Effect of Three-Way Catalyst Formulation on Sulphur Tolerance and Emissions from Gasoline Fuelled Vehicles
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
In a collaborative programme, the effects of gasoline sulphur content on regulated emissions from three-way catalyst equipped vehicles have been studied. The programme evaluated the sulphur tolerance of three different catalyst formulations on the same range of vehicles. The catalyst chemistries were chosen to be representative of typical current formulations in different markets, as follows:
- 1.Platinum/Rhodium (Pt/Rh)
- 2.Platinum/Rhodium/Nickel (Pt/Rh/Ni)
- 3.Palladium/Rhodium (Pd/Rh)
Each vehicle/catalyst combination was tested with fuels containing sulphur at nominal levels of 50, 250 and 450 ppm weight. All fuels were produced using the low sulphur fuel as a base and doping to 250 and 450 ppm S with a mixture of nine sulphur compounds, typical of those actually occurring in European gasolines.
The results show clear differences between the magnitudes of the sulphur effect with different catalyst formulations. Furthermore, it was apparent that several vehicles, fitted with catalysts of identical chemistry and precious metal loading, did not all respond to sulphur in the same way. It is concluded that the influence of fuel sulphur content on regulated emissions from current three-way catalyst vehicles in a particular market place depends strongly on the catalyst and engine technology that predominates in that market.
Recommended Content
Technical Paper | Development of Advanced Pd/Rh Automotive Catalyst |
Technical Paper | The Impact of Sulfur on Three-Way Catalysts: Storage and Removal |
Technical Paper | The Effects of Sulfur on Emissions from a S.I. Engine |
Authors
Citation
Beckwith, P., Bennett, P., Goodfellow, C., Brisley, R. et al., "The Effect of Three-Way Catalyst Formulation on Sulphur Tolerance and Emissions from Gasoline Fuelled Vehicles," SAE Technical Paper 940310, 1994, https://doi.org/10.4271/940310.Also In
References
- Koehl W. J. et al “Effects of Gasoline Composition and Properties on Vehicle Emissions: A Review of Prior Studies - Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program” SAE Paper 912321 1991
- Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program “Effects of Fuel Sulfur Levels on Mass Exhaust Emissions” Technical Bulletin No. 2 February 1991
- Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program “Effects of Fuel Sulfur on Mass Exhaust Emissions, Air Toxics, and Reactivity” Technical Bulletin No. 8 February 1992
- Benson J. D. et al “Effects of Fuel Sulfur Level on Mass Exhaust Emissions - Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program” SAE Paper 912323 1991
- Williamson W. B. Gandhi H. S. Heyde M E Zawack G. A. “Deactivation of Three-Way Catalysts by Fuel Contaminants: Lead, Phosphorous and Sulfur” SAE Paper 790942 1979
- Williamson W. B. Stepien H. K. Gandhi H. S. “Poisoning of Platinum-Rhodium Automotive Three-Way Catalysts: Behaviour of Single Component Catalysts and Effects of Sulfur and Phosphorous” 6th North American Meeting of the Catalysis Society 1979
- Yao H. C. Stepien H. K. Gandhi H. S. “The Effects of SO2 on the Oxidation of Hydrocarbons and Carbon Monoxide over Pt/gγ-Al 2 O 3 Catalysts” Journal of Catalysis 67 231 236 1981
- Morgan T. B. D. et al “An Integrated Study of the Effects of Gasoline Composition on Exhaust Emissions Part I: Programme Outline and Results on Regulated Emissions” SAE Paper 932678 1993
- American Society for Testing and Materials “Standard Practice for Dealing with Outlying Observations” ASTM 1989 1989
- Painter L. J. Rutherford J A “Statistical Design and Analysis Methods for the Auto/Oil Air Quality Research Program” SAE Paper 920319 1992
- Koehl W. J. et al “Effects of Fuel Sulfur Level on Exhaust Mass and Speciated Emissions: The Question of Linearity - Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Program” SAE Paper 932727 1993
- Ansell G. P. Golunski S. E. Hatcher H. A. Rajaram R. R. “Effects of SO 2 on the Alkane Activity of Three-Way Catalysts” Catalysis Letters 11 183 190 1991
- Schleyer C. H. et al “Effects of Fuel Sulfur Content on Predicted Ozone for Years 2005/2010 - Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program” SAE Paper 932728 1993
- Cooper B. J. “Challenges in Emission Control Catalysis for the Next Decade” 26th ISATA 1993
- Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program “Effects of Gasoline Sulfur Content below 50 ppm” June 1993
- Truex T. J. Windawi H. Ellgen P. C. “The Chemistry and Control of H 2 S Emissions in Three-Way Catalysts” SAE Paper 872162 1987
- Bending R. G. et al “Nickel Free Hydrogen Sulphide Control for European Applications” SAE Paper 930777 1993