This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
An Experimental Study of Gas Velocity, Flame Propagation and Pressure in a Spark Ignition Engine
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
A laser Doppler velocimeter, flame ionisation gauge and piezoelectric transducer have been used to measure two components of velocity, arrival of the flame front and pressure in the cylinder of a four-stroke spark ignition engine. The engine was operated with a sequence of five firing and ten non-firing cycles with the former having an equivalence ratio of 0.9 and giving rise to a misfire, a subsequent high-charge cycle, and three normal-charge cycles. The resulting fast- and slow-burn cycles were identified readily in terms of maximum pressure and flame-arrival times. The two-dimensional velocity vectors suggest that the flame fronts were initially spherical and subsequently distorted by the expansion of burned gas with increase in velocity fluctuations. The magnitude of the maximum velocity fluctuations was quantified by sampling according to the maximum velocity for each cycle, corresponding to the arrival of the flame front, and shown to be larger in the direction of propagation and in front of the flame.
Topic
Citation
Whitelaw, J. and Xu, H., "An Experimental Study of Gas Velocity, Flame Propagation and Pressure in a Spark Ignition Engine," SAE Technical Paper 932702, 1993, https://doi.org/10.4271/932702.Also In
References
- Abdel-Gayed, R. G. Al-Khishali, K, J. Bradley, D. “Turbulent Burning Velocities and Flame Straining in Explosions,” Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A391 393 1984
- Heywood, J. B. “Fluid Motion Within the Cylinder of Internal Combustion Engines - The Freeman Scholar Lecture,” Tans ASME, J. Fluids Engng 109 3 35 1987
- Arcoumanis, C. Whitelaw, J. H. “Fluid Mechanics of Internal Combustion Engines: A Review,” Proc. I. Mech. E. 201 Cl 1987
- Lancaster, D. R. Keriger, R. B. “Effects of Turbulence on Spark-Ignition Engine Combustion,” SAE Paper 760160
- Groff, E. G Matekunas, F. A. “The Nature of Turbulent Flame Propagation in a Homogeneous Spark-Ignited Engine,” SAE Paper 800133 1980
- Mattavi, J. N. “Effects of Combustion Chamber Design on Combustion in Spark-Ignition Engines,” SAE Paper 821578
- Young, M. B. “Cyclic Dispersion in the Homogeneous-Charge Spark-Ignition Engine - A Literature Survey,” SAE Paper 810020 1981
- Heywwod, J. B. “Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals,” Mc Graw-Hill New York 1988
- Witze, P. O. Martin, J. K. Borgnakke, C. “Conditionally-Sampled Velocity and Turbulence Measurements in a Spark Ignition Engine,” Combustion Science and Technology 36 301 317 1984
- Obokata, T. Hashimoto, T. Gojuki, S. Karasawa, T. Shiga, S. Kurabayashi, T. “LDA Characterisation of Gas Flow in a Combustion Chamber of a Four-Stroke S.I. Engine,” SAE Paper 920519 1992
- Andrews, G. E. Bradley, D. Lwakabamba, S. B. “Turbulence and Turbulent Flame Propagation - A Critical Appraisal,” Combust. and Flame 24 285 1975
- Tabaczynski, R. J “Turbulence and Turbulent Combustion in Spark-Ignition Engines,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 2 143 1976
- Witze, P. O. Martin, J. K. “Cyclic-variation bias in Spark Ignition Engine Turbulence Measurements,” Proc. 2nd Int. Sypm. on Applications of Laser Anemometry to Fluid Mechanics Lisbon 1984
- Cole, J. B. Swords, M. D. “An Investigation of the Ignition Process in a Lean-Burn Engine Using Conditionally Sampled Laser-Doppler Anemometry,” SAE Paper 800043 1980
- Cole, J. B. Swords, M. D. “On the Correlation between Gas Velocity and Combustion Pressure Fluctuations in a Spark-Ignition Engine,” Proc. 18th Symp. on Comb. The Combustion Institute 1981
- Swords, M. D. Kalghatgi, G. T. Watts, A. J. “An Experimental Study of Ignition and Flame Development in a Spark Ignited Engine,” SAE Paper 821220 1982
- Witze, P. O. Martin, J. K. Borgnakke, C. “Fluids Motion During Flame Propagation in a Spark Ignition Engine,” SAE Paper 840377 1984
- Martin, J. K. Witze, P. O. Borgnakke, C. “Multiparameter Conditionally Sampled Laser Velocimetry Measurements During Flame Propagation in a Spark Ignition Engine,” Sandia Report SAND84-8224 1984
- Martin, J. K. Witze, P. O. Borgnakke, C. “Combustion Effects on the Preflame Flow Field in a Research Engine,” SAE Paper 850122 1985
- Hu. Z. Lingens, A. Vafidis, C. Whitelaw, J. H. Xu, H. M. “A Study of Mixture Turbulence During Flame Propagation in a S.I. Engine Using Conditionally-Sampled Laser Velocimetry,” Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Innovation and Reliability in Automotive Design and Testing April 8-10 Florence 1992
- Enotiadis, A. Lingens, A. Vafidis, C. Whitelaw, J.H. Xu, H.M. “Mixture Turbulence Characteristics During Flame Propagation in a Spark Ignition Engine,” Proc. SIA/STA Int. Symp. “The Powertrain: Development and Future” Valencia 14-15 May 1992
- Vafidis, C. Whitelaw, J. H. Xu, H. M. “Conditional and Frequency Analyses of LDV Signals From a Gas-Fuelled Engine,” Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Applications of Laser Anemometry to Fluid Mechanics Lisbon 20-23 July 1992
- Arcoumains, C Hu, Z. Vafidis, C. Whitelaw, J.H. “Tumbling Motion: A Mechanism for Turbulence Enhancement in Spark-Ignition Engines” SAE Paper 900023 1990
- Lancaster, D. R. “Effects of Engine variables on Turbulence in a Spark-Ignition Engine,” SAE Paper 760159 1976
- Ball, W. F. Pettifer, H. F. Waterhouse, C. N. F. “Laser Doppler Velocimeter Measurements of Turbulence in a Direct-Injection Diesel Combustion Chamber,” IMechE, C52/83 1983
- Witze, P. O. Mendes-Lopes J. M. C. “Direct Measurement of the Turbulent Burning Velocity in a Homogeneous-Charge Engine,” SAE Paper 861531 1986
- Clover, A. R. “Towards Bias-Free Estimates of Turbulence in Engines,” 3rd Int. Symp. on Applications of Laser Anemometry to Fluid Mechanics Lisbon 1986
- Rask, R. B. “Comparison of Window, Smoothed-Ensemble and Cycle-to-Cycle Data Reduction Techniques for Laser Doppler Anemometer Measurements of In-Cylinder Velocity,” Proc. Symp. on Fluid Mechanics of Combustion Systems Colorado 1981
- Liou, T. -M Santavicca, D. A. “Cycle Resolved Turbulence Measurements in a Ported Engine with and without Swirl,” SAE Paper 8-30419 1983
- Yanta, W. C. “Turbulence Measurements with a Laser Doppler Velocimeter,” Report NOLTR 73-94 Naval Ordinace Labs White Oak, Silver Spring 1973
- Morse, A.P. “The Effect of Crank-angle Broadening on Laser-Doppler Measurements on Reciprocating Engines,” Imperial College, Mech. Eng. Dept. Report FS/77/18, 1977
- Bopp, S. Vafidis, C. Whitelaw, J. H. “The Effect of Engine Speed on the TDC Flowfield in a Motored Reciprocating Engine,” SAE Paper 860023 1986
- Margary, R. Nino, E. Vafidis, C “LDA Measurements of the Flow Field and Flame Visualisation inside an Internal Combustion Engine,” FISITA Paper 905053 1990
- Witze, P. O. Hall, M. J. Bennett, M. J. “Are Gas Velocities in a Motored Piston Engine Representative of the Pre-Ignition Fluid Motion in a Fired Engine?,” Experiments in Fluids 8 103 107 1989