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Strategies for Passenger Car Designs to Improve Occupant Protection in Real World Side Crashes
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Abstract
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) upgraded the side impact protection requirement in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 214 and added dynamic requirements to reduce the likelihood of thoracic injuries in side crashes. As part of the agency's research in developing the requirements of the standard, NHTSA developed a mathematical model for simulation of side impacts.
This paper investigates the overall safety performance, based on Thoracic Trauma Index (TTI) as the criteria for passenger cars in real world side crashes, with the aid of the simulation model. A Thoracic Trauma Index Factor (TTIF) is utilized to compare relative safety performance of passenger cars under various conditions of impact. The concept of relating energy dissipation in various side structure and padding countermeasures is used to develop a family of curves that are representative of a design platform. Anticipated improvement in overall TTI and the influence of certain countermeasure characteristics when the vehicle is exposed to many different impact conditions is also presented. The methodology described in the paper could be used by vehicle designers and manufacturers in setting design goals.
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Kanianthra, J., Rains, G., and Trella, T., "Strategies for Passenger Car Designs to Improve Occupant Protection in Real World Side Crashes," SAE Technical Paper 930482, 1993, https://doi.org/10.4271/930482.Also In
References
- Federal Register, Part II 49 CFR Parts 571 et al. “Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Side Impact Protection; Rules,” 55 210 October 1990
- Trella, T.J. Kanianthra, J.N. “Application of Derived Characteristics from Dynamic Test Data for Simulation of Car-to-Car Side impacts Using a Lumped Mass Approach,” SAE Paper 851187
- Trella, T.J. Kanianthra, J.N. “Occupant Response Sensitivity Analyses Using a Lumped Mass Model in Simulation of Car-to-Car Impacts,” 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles Oxford, England 1985
- Trella, T.J. Kanianthra, J.N. “Analytical Simulation of the Effects of Structural Parameters on Occupant Responses in Side Impacts of Passenger Cars,” 11th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles Washington, D.C May 1987
- Kanianthra, J.N. et al. “Safety Performance Evaluation of Production Vehicles in Side Impacts Using the Modeling Approach,” 12th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles Gothenburg, Sweden May 1989
- Trella, T.J. Kanianthra, J.N. et al. “Side Impact Crashworthiness Design: Evaluation of Padding Characteristics Through Mathematical Simulations,” 35th Stapp Car Crash Conference San Diego, California November 1991
- Hasegawa, J. et al. “Side Impact Simulation Analysis Using an Improved Occupant Model,” 12th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles Gothenburg, Sweden May 1989
- Low, T.C. Prasad, P. “Dynamic Response and Mathematical Model of the Side Impact Dummy,” SAE Paper 902321