Technology Demonstration of U.S. Army Ground Materiel Operating on Aviation Kerosene Fuel

A technology demonstration program was conducted by the U.S. Army to verify the feasibility of using aviation turbine fuel JP-8 in all military diesel fuel-consuming ground vehicles and equipment (V/E). Over 2,800 pieces of military equipment participated in a two and one-half year program accumulating over 2,621,000 total miles (4,219,810 km) using JP-8 in combat/tracked, tactical/wheeled, and transportation motor pool vehicles. Over 71,000 hours of operation were accumulated in diesel/turbine engine-driven generator sets using JP-8 fuel. Comparisons of various performance areas with baseline diesel fuel (DF-2) operation were made. Program results showed: (1) there were no statistically significant differences observed in average V/E group fuel consumption between JP-8 and DF-2; (2) where power loss was apparent in only a few power-limited engine systems, generally it was commensurate with the difference in heating values between JP-8 and DF-2; (3) no catastrophic failures due to use of JP-8; (4) all fuel-related problems surfaced by user personnel were resolved by technical consultation or direct comparison tests with DF-2; and (5) JP-8 fuel is acceptable for use in military diesel powered ground equipment systems. Since there were no major differences in fuel procurement cost, V/E fuel consumption, oil analysis program directed oil changes, and fuel-wetted components replacements, it is judged that there is no cost penalty associated with the use of JP-8 fuel. Further, preliminary results generated have revealed the potential for significant reductions in operational costs due to reduced maintenance of fuel systems, fewer replacement of fuel system components, and extending frequency of oil drains. Recommendations are made concerning further changeovers from DF-2 and subsequent JP-8 transitioning to support the Department of Defense directed single-fuel concept.