Side Impact Crashworthiness Design: Evaluation of Padding Characteristics Through Mathematical Simulations

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has developed a lumped mass computer model which simulates the interaction of a struck car door and an adjacent two dimensional seated dummy in side impacts. This model was used to investigate the effect of various vehicle design parameters on occupant responses and to define various methods to improve vehicle safety performance.

This paper discusses the effectiveness of door padding and side structural stiffness to minimize potential for occupant thoracic injuries in 90° side impacts. Occupant response data were obtained with the aid of the computer model for a Moving Deformable Barrier striking a car at lateral velocities of 25, 30 and 35 mph. To determine the optimal padding and structure needed to minimize potential occupant injury, the Thoracic Trauma Index (TTI) was mapped in terms of different levels of struck car side stiffness and padding characteristics.