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Cetane Numbers of Fatty Esters, Fatty Alcohols and Triglycerides Determined in a Constant Volume Combustion Bomb
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English
Abstract
During the 1980's, vegetable oils, microemulsions containing fatty alcohols as surfactants, and fatty esters have been extensively investigaed as alternative fuels to #2 diesel fuel (DF-2) used in farm tractors. Despite the importance of vegetable oils (mainly triglycerides) and fatty derivatives to the alternative fuel program, cetane numbers for pure triglycerides and many fatty derivatives were not reported. In the current study, estimated cetane numbers of these materials have been determined by use of a constant volume combustion bomb. Prior research has shown that this equipment can produce cetane numbers that correlate satisfactorily with engine cetane numbers as determied by ASTM D 613. The influence of chemical structure on ignition delay and cetane number was investigated. Evidence is presented that shows the current cetane number scale is not always suitable for these fatty materials. Suggestions are made as to what might be done to remedy this problem. Finally, for two soybean oil samples, cetane numbers were predicted by using ignition delays and chemical composition of the samples. The predicted cetane numbers were within one unit of measured cetane numbers.
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Authors
- Bernard Freedman - Northern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture Peoria, IL
- Marvin O. Bagby - Northern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture Peoria, IL
- Timothy J. Callahan - Southwest Research Institute San Antonio, TX
- Thomas W. Ryan - Southwest Research Institute San Antonio, TX
Topic
Citation
Freedman, B., Bagby, M., Callahan, T., and Ryan, T., "Cetane Numbers of Fatty Esters, Fatty Alcohols and Triglycerides Determined in a Constant Volume Combustion Bomb," SAE Technical Paper 900343, 1990, https://doi.org/10.4271/900343.Also In
References
- “Vegetable Oil as Diesel Fuel Seminar III. ARM-NC-28 Northern Regional Research Center Peoria, Illinois October 19 20 1983
- “Vegetable Oil Fuels. Proceedings of the International Conference on Plant and Vegetable Oils as Fuels” American Society of Agricultural Engineers St. Joseph, MI 1982
- Freedman, B. “Oleochemicals: Fatty Acids, Fatty Alcohols, Fatty Amines-A short Course, AOCS Short Course Kings Island, OH September 1987
- Goering, C.E. Schwab, A.W. Daugherty, M.J. Pryde, E.H. Heakins, A.J. “Fuel Properties of Eleven Vegetable Oils,” ASAE Trans. 25 1472 1477 1483 1982
- Ryan, T.W., III “Correlation of Physical and Chemical Ignition Delay to Cetane Number,” SAE Paper 852103 October 1985
- Ryan, T.W. III Stapper, B. “Diesel Fuel Ignition Quality as Determined in a Constant Volume Combustion Bomb,” SAE Paper 87056 February 1987
- Ryan, T.W., III Callahan, T.J. “Engine and Constant Volume Bomb Studies of Diesel Ignition and Combustion,” SAE Paper 881626 October 1988
- Ryan, T.W., III Dodge, L.G. Callahan, T.J. “The Effects of Vegetable Oil Properties on Injection and Combustion in Two Different Diesel Engines,” J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 61 10 1610 1619 1984