Gasoline Particulate Filter Applications for Plug-In Hybrid and Traditional Cars

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are considered as primary paths in China to meet corporate average fuel consumption (CAFC) credit and new energy vehicle (NEV) credit regulations. Many local original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) develop PHEVs based on their internal combustion engine (ICE) base models without significant modification on engine side. Traditional ICE vehicles are solely driven by engines, while PHEVs can be driven by engine or electric motors, independently or together, depending on powertrain architecture and operating strategy. PHEVs may have more particle number or particulate matter (PN/PM) emissions. To meet CN6 regulation, gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) are widely used for both PHEV and traditional cars. It is important to investigate the impacts of hybrid powertrain on gasoline particulate filter applications.

This paper compares GPF application development for a traditional BYD Tang (ICE base model) and a BYD Tang DM (PHEV model). Same aftertreatment design with slightly different layout is used to cover both models to meet PM/PN/gaseous emission standards. GPF soot loading and burning behavior are compared. In general, the soot management scheme from ICE can be effectively applied to PHEV without significant changes.