This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
The Drive for Minimum Fuel Consumption of Passenger Car Diesels: An Analytical Study to Evaluate Key Architectural Choices
Technical Paper
2015-24-2519
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Fuel consumption, and the physical behaviours behind it, have never been of greater interest to the automotive engineering community. The enormous design, development and infrastructure investment involved with a new engine family which will be in production for many years demands significant review of the base engine fundamental architecture.
Future CO2 challenges are pushing car manufacturers to consider alternative engine configurations. As a result, a wide range of diesel engine architectures are available in production, particularly in the 1.4 to 1.6 L passenger car market, including variations in cylinder size, number of valves per cylinder, and bore:stroke (B/S) ratio. In addition, the 3 cylinder engine has entered the market in growing numbers, despite its historic NVH concerns.
Ricardo has performed a generic architecture study for a midsize displacement engine in order to assess the pros and cons of each engine configuration. A range of concept engine designs were prepared, drawing heavily on design guidelines and benchmarking information. Friction analysis was used to predict friction levels for each design. 1-D gas dynamics simulation was used for performance and fuel consumption prediction, which incorporates pumping losses and in cylinder heat transfer. Heat release curves were derived using in-cylinder 3-D CFD. Vehicle modelling was then used to assess vehicle drive cycle fuel consumption across several cycles.
Modelling detailed, small architectural changes challenges the simulation tools and techniques due to the balance of behaviours present, including friction, pumping and thermodynamic effects. Throughout the analysis activities, sensitivity studies on the modelling approach were carried out to ensure the approach was appropriate.
The study has enabled the definition of what is considered an optimum fuel consumption architecture in terms of cylinder number, number of valves per cylinder and cylinder proportions, with a rigorous understanding of the behaviours contributing to the fuel consumption across the cycles, and the subtle interactions between them.
Authors
Topic
Citation
Cornwell, R., Thomas, H., Dalby, J., Carden, P. et al., "The Drive for Minimum Fuel Consumption of Passenger Car Diesels: An Analytical Study to Evaluate Key Architectural Choices," SAE Technical Paper 2015-24-2519, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-24-2519.Also In
References
- http://www.nhtsa.gov/staticfiles/rulemaking/pdf/cafe/Oct2010_Summary_Report.pdf www.theicct.org/info/documents/PVstds_update_apr2010.pdf
- IHS Autoinsight 19 th February 2015
- Vassallo , A. , Gopalakrishnan , V. , Arrigoni , S. , Cavallo , R. et al. Impact of Bore-to-Stroke Ratio Over Light-Duty DI Diesel Engine Performance, Emissions and Fuel Consumption: An Analytical Study Using 1D-CFD Coupled with DOE Methodology SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0013 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0013
- Adachi , S. , Horio , K. , Nakamura , Y. , Nakano , K. et al. Development of Toyota 1ZZ-FE Engine SAE Technical Paper 981087 1998 10.4271/981087
- Kermani , J. , De Paola , G. , Knop , V. , Garsi , C. et al. An Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Bore-to-Stroke Ratio on a Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2013-24-0065 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0065
- Weberbauer , Rauscher , Kulzer , Knopf , Bargende 2005 Generally Applicate Split of Losses for New Combustion Concepts MTZ worldwide 66 02 2005
- Sandoval , D. and Heywood , J. An Improved Friction Model for Spark-Ignition Engines SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0725 2003 10.4271/2003-01-0725
- Patton , K. , Nitschke , R. , and Heywood , J. Development and Evaluation of a Friction Model for Spark-Ignition Engines SAE Technical Paper 890836 1989 10.4271/890836
- Morel , T. and Keribar , R. A Model for Predicting Spatially and Time Resolved Convective Heat Transfer in Bowl-in-Piston Combustion Chambers SAE Technical Paper 850204 1985 10.4271/850204
- Morel , T. , Wahiduzzaman , S. , Tree , D. , and DeWitt , D. Effect of Speed, Load, and Location on Heat Transfer in a Diesel Engine-Measurements and Predictions SAE Technical Paper 870154 1987 10.4271/870154
- Jackson , N. , Pilley , A. , and Owen , N. Instantaneous Heat Transfer in a Highly Rated DI Truck Engine SAE Technical Paper 900692 1990 10.4271/900692
- Owen , N. , Robinson , K. , and Jackson , N. Quality Assurance for Combustion Chamber Thermal Boundary Conditions - A Combined Experimental and Analytical Approach SAE Technical Paper 931139 1993 10.4271/931139
- Li , G. , Sapsford , S. , and Morgan , R. CFD Simulation of DI Diesel Truck Engine Combustion Using VECTIS SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-2940 2000 10.4271/2000-01-2940