This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Combustion Modeling in Heavy Duty Diesel Engines Using Detailed Chemistry and Turbulence-Chemistry Interaction
Technical Paper
2015-01-0375
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Diesel combustion is a very complex process, involving a reacting, turbulent and multi-phase flow. Furthermore, heavy duty engines operate mainly at medium and high loads, where injection durations are very long and cylinder pressure is high. Within such context, proper CFD tools are necessary to predict mixing controlled combustion, heat transfer and, eventually, flame wall interaction which might result from long injection durations and high injection pressures. In particular, detailed chemistry seems to be necessary to estimate correctly ignition under a wide range of operating conditions and formation of rich combustion products which might lead to soot formation. This work is dedicated to the identification of suitable methodologies to predict combustion in heavy-duty diesel engines using detailed chemistry. To this end, two different approaches were implemented to model flame propagation process into the Lib-ICE code, which both employ detailed chemistry and turbulence chemistry interaction. In the first one, the Diesel spray flame is assumed to be an ensemble of different diffusion flames which are sequentially created during the injection process. Each of them is evolving in the mixture fraction space according to the conditionally averaged value of the scalar dissipation rate. The second one employs tabulated kinetics from perfectly stirred reactor calculations: transport equations are solved for mixture fraction, progress variable and their variances. Their source terms come from spray and the table. From these variables, it is possible to estimate the chemical composition in each computational cell, assuming suitable probability density functions both in mixture fraction and progress variable space for the chemical species. The above described approaches were then validated with two different sets of experimental data. First, constant-volume conditions allowed to make clear distinctions between the models in terms of auto-ignition, flame structure and flame stabilization process. Finally, simulations were carried out for a heavy-duty diesel engine with four different relevant operating loads.
Comparisons between computed and experimental data of in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate and wall heat flux allowed to identify the most suitable approaches among the tested ones and to even identify possible future improvements.
Recommended Content
Authors
Topic
Citation
D'Errico, G., Lucchini, T., Hardy, G., Tap, F. et al., "Combustion Modeling in Heavy Duty Diesel Engines Using Detailed Chemistry and Turbulence-Chemistry Interaction," SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-0375, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-0375.Also In
References
- D'Errico G. , Lucchini T. , Contino F. , Jangi M. , and Bai X.-S. Comparison of well-mixed and multiple representative interactive flamelet approaches for diesel spray combustion modelling Combustion Theory and Modelling 18 1 65 88 2014
- Diwakar R. and Singh S. NOx and Soot Reduction in Diesel Engine PCCI Combustion: A Computational Investigation International Journal of Engine Research 9 3 195 214 2008
- Knecht W. Strategies for Future Heavy Duty Diesel Engines for Commercial Vehicles International Journal of Vehicle Design 14 67 82 2006
- Ferrarese , A. , Dias , M. , Bruno , R. , Rejowski , E. et al. PCU Solutions to Heavy Duty Diesel Engines after Proconve P7 SAE Technical Paper 2012-36-0358 2012 10.4271/2012-36-0358
- Genzale , C. , Reitz , R. , and Musculus , M. Effects of Piston Bowl Geometry on Mixture Development and Late-Injection Low-Temperature Combustion in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 1 1 913 937 2009 10.4271/2008-01-1330
- Kitamura , T. and Ito , T. Mixing-Controlled, Low Temperature Diesel Combustion with Pressure Modulated Multiple-Injection for HSDI Diesel Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 3 1 461 478 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0609
- Pointsot T. , Haworth D. , and Bruneaux G. Direct simulation and modelling of flame-wall interaction for premixed turbulent combustion Combustion and flame 95 118 133 1993
- Kaario , O. , Nuutinen , M. , Lehto , K. , and Larmi , M. Real Gas Effects in High-Pressure Engine Environment SAE Int. J. Engines 3 1 546 555 2010 10.4271/2010-01-0627
- Singh , S. , Reitz , R. , and Musculus , M. Comparison of the Characteristic Time (CTC), Representative Interactive Flamelet (RIF), and Direct Integration with Detailed Chemistry Combustion Models against Optical Diagnostic Data for Multi-Mode Combustion in a Heavy-Duty DI Diesel Engine SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0055 2006 10.4271/2006-01-0055
- Barths H. , Hasse C. , and Peters N. Computational fluid dynamics modelling of non-premixed combustion in direct injection diesel engines International Journal of Engine Research 1 3 249 267 2000
- Kong , S. , Han , Z. , and Reitz , R. The Development and Application of a Diesel Ignition and Combustion Model for Multidimensional Engine Simulation SAE Technical Paper 950278 1995 10.4271/950278
- Colin O. and Benkeninda A. The 3-Zones Extended Coherent Flame Model (ECFM3Z) for Computing Premixed/Diffusion Combustion Oil and Gas Science and Technology 59 593 609 2004
- Haworth D. C. Progress in probability density function methods for turbulent reacting flows Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 36 168 259 2010
- Wright YM , De Paola G , Boulouchos K , and Mastorakos E Simulations of spray autoignition and flame establishment with two-dimensional cmc Combustion and flame 143 4 402 419 2005
- Bhattacharjee S. and Haworth D. C. Simulations of transient n-heptane and n-dodecane spray flames under engine-relevant conditions using a transported {PDF} method Combustion and Flame 160 10 2083 2102 2013
- Pei Y. , Hawkes E. R. , and Kook S. A comprehensive study of effects of mixing and chemical kinetic models on predictions of n-heptane jet ignitions with the pdf method Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 91 2 249 280 2013
- Pope S. B. Computationally Efficient Implementation of Combustion Chemistry Using In-Situ Adaptive Tabulation Combustion Theory and Modelling 1 14 63 1997
- Contino F. , Jeanmart H. , Lucchini T. , and DErrico G. Coupling of in situ adaptive tabulation and dynamic adaptive chemistry: An effective method for solving combustion in engine simulations Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 33 2 3057 3064 2011
- Jangi M. , Yu R. , and Bai . X. S. A multi-zone chemistry mapping approach for direct numerical simulation of auto-ignition and flame propagation in a constant volume enclosure Combustion Theory and Modelling 16 2 221 249 2012
- Aglave R. , Riedel U. , and Warnatz J. Turbulence-chemistry interactions in cfd modelling of diesel engines Combustion Theory and Modelling 12 2 305 325 2008
- Bekdemir C. , Somers L.M.T. , and de Goey L.P.H. Modeling diesel engine combustion using pressure dependent flamelet generated manifolds Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 33 2 2887 2894 2011
- Lehtiniemi , H. , Zhang , Y. , Rawat , R. , and Mauss , F. Efficient 3-D CFD Combustion Modeling with Transient Flamelet Models SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0957 2008 10.4271/2008-01-0957
- Bajaj C. , Ameen M. , and Abraham J. Evaluation of an Unsteady Flamelet Progress VariableModel for Autoignition and Flame Lift-Off in Diesel Jets Combustion Science and Technology 185 454 472 2013
- Nguyen P. , Vervisch L. , Subramanian V. , and Domingo P. Multidimensional flamelet-generated manifolds for partially premixed combustion Combustion and Flame 157 1 43 61 2010
- Ihme M. , Shunn L. , and Zhang J. Regularization of reaction progress variable for application to flamelet-based combustion models Journal of Computational Physics 231 7715 7721 2012
- Meijer M. , Somers B. , Johnson J. , Naber J. , Lee S.-Y. , Malbec L. M. , Bruneaux G. , Pickett L. M. , Bardi M. , Payri R. , and Bazyn T. Engine combustion network (ecn): Characterization and comparison of boundary conditions for different combustion vessels Atomization and Sprays 22 9 777 806 2012
- Pickett , L. , Genzale , C. , Bruneaux , G. , Malbec , L. et al. Comparison of Diesel Spray Combustion in Different High-Temperature, High-Pressure Facilities SAE Int. J. Engines 3 2 156 181 2010 10.4271/2010-01-2106
- Tap , F. and Schapotschnikow , P. ® SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0152 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0152
- Pickett , L. and Siebers , D. Non-Sooting, Low Flame Temperature Mixing-Controlled DI Diesel Combustion SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-1399 2004 10.4271/2004-01-1399
- van Oijen J. A. and de Goey L.P.H. Modelling of premixed laminar flames using flamelet-generated manifolds Combustion Science and Technology 161 113 137 2000
- Lucchini , T. , D'Errico , G. , Onorati , A. , Bonandrini , G. et al. Development of a CFD Approach to Model Fuel-Air Mixing in Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0146 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0146
- D'Errico , G. , Lucchini , T. , Di Gioia , R. , and Bonandrini , G. Application of the CTC Model to Predict Combustion and Pollutant Emissions in a Common-Rail Diesel Engine Operating with Multiple Injections and High EGR SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0154 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0154
- Lucchini , T. , Fiocco , M. , Torelli , R. , and D'Errico , G. Automatic Mech Generation for Full-Cycle CFD Modeling of IC Engines: Application to the TCC Test Case SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1131 2014 10.4271/2014-01-1131
- Lucchini , T. , Cornolti , L. , Montenegro , G. , D'Errico , G. et al. A Comprehensive Model to Predict the Initial Stage of Combustion in SI Engines SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1087 2013 10.4271/2013-01-1087
- Lucchini , T. , Fiocco , M. , Onorati , A. , Montanaro , A. et al. Full-Cycle CFD Modeling of Air/Fuel Mixing Process in an Optically Accessible GDI Engine SAE Int. J. Engines 6 3 1610 1625 2013 10.4271/2013-24-0024
- Bracco , F. Modeling of Engine Sprays SAE Technical Paper 850394 1985 10.4271/850394
- Reitz R. D. Modeling Atomization Processes In High Pressure Vaporizing Sprays Atomization and Spray Technology 3 309 337 1987
- Chehroudi , B. , Chen , S. , Bracco , F. , and Onuma , Y. On the Intact Core of Full-Cone Sprays SAE Technical Paper 850126 1985 10.4271/850126
- Baumgarten C. Mixture formation in internal combustion engines Springer 2006
- Peters N. Laminar diffusion flamelet models in non-premixed turbulent combustion Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 10 319 339 1984
- Singer M.A. and Pope S.B. Exploiting ISAT to solve the equations of reacting flow Combustion Theory and Modelling 8 361 383 2004
- Contino , F. , Lucchini , T. , D'Errico , G. , Duynslaegher , C. et al. Simulations of Advanced Combustion Modes Using Detailed Chemistry Combined with Tabulation and Mechanism Reduction Techniques SAE Int. J. Engines 5 2 185 196 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0145
- Subramanian , G. , Da Cruz , A. , Colin , O. , and Vervisch , L. Modeling Engine Turbulent Auto-Ignition Using Tabulated Detailed Chemistry SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0150 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0150
- Som S. , Longman D.E. , Luo Z. , Plomer M. , and Lu T. Three Dimensional simulations of diesel sprays using n-dodecane as a surrogate Eastern States Section of the Combustion Institute Fall Technical Meeting 2011
- Idicheria , C. and Pickett , L. Quantitative Mixing Measurements in a Vaporizing Diesel Spray by Rayleigh Imaging SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0647 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0647
- Senecal , P. , Richards , K. , Pomraning , E. , Yang , T. et al. A New Parallel Cut-Cell Cartesian CFD Code for Rapid Grid Generation Applied to In-Cylinder Diesel Engine Simulations SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0159 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0159
- Lucchini , T. , D'Errico , G. , Jasak , H. , and Tukovic , Z. Automatic Mesh Motion with Topological Changes for Engine Simulation SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0170 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0170
- Huh , K. , Chang , I. , and Martin , J. A Comparison of Boundary Layer Treatments for Heat Transfer in IC Engines SAE Technical Paper 900252 1990 10.4271/900252
- Hiroyasu , H. and Arai , M. Structures of Fuel Sprays in Diesel Engines SAE Technical Paper 900475 1990 10.4271/900475
- Pickett L. M. and Siebers D. L. Soot in Diesel Fuel Jets: Effects of Ambient Temperature, Ambient Density and Injection Pressure Combustion and Flame 138 114 135 2004