This content is not included in
your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Performance of Slotted Metallic Membranes as Particulate Filters
Technical Paper
2014-01-2807
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Annotation ability available
Sector:
Language:
English
Abstract
Stringent IC engine PM emission regulation requires development of future filter substrate materials to achieve high filtration efficiency, low filter pressure drop, low cost and highly durable solutions. Monolithic wall flow filters perform well as they achieve high filtration efficiency due to the formation of the PM cake structure while maintaining low substrate face velocities due to the large filtration area. Within the process industry, Micropore™ slotted metallic membrane filters offer both large surface areas and low filter pressure drops while maintaining the durability of metal substrates. The pore structure and pore arrangement can be readily tailored to suit specific applications. This paper characterizes a 300 μm thickness Micropore™ metallic membrane with slots of 10 μm by 400 μm in size in the context of application as an engine exhaust particulate filter.
The investigation was based on single layer of Micropore™ slotted metallic membrane with size of 52 mm in diameter. The pressure drop performance was evaluated experimentally on a cold flow rig capable of face velocities from below 0.01 m s−1 to above 5 m s−1. The filtration efficiency was measured on a 1.9 liter turbocharged diesel engine at face velocities of 0.22 m s−1 and 1.48 m s−1. At low face velocity, the clean metallic membrane filter trapped more than 30% of the emitted particulates by number count. The filtration efficiency then evolved to above 99% as flow passages were blocked by PM deposits. Higher face velocity tests showed an increase of particulate number downstream the filter relative to upstream. The comparison between upstream and downstream particulate numbers revealed that relatively large particles broke down into smaller particles which increased the total particulate number. This phenomenon was due to the high forces on the agglomerates due to the high local flow velocities.
Filter pressure drop performance of the Micropore™ slotted metallic membrane was also compared with two filter substrate layers extracted from two monolithic uncoated cordierite DPFs. The DPFs are 52% porous and have mean pore size of 15 μm, with cell density of 100 cpsi and 300 cpsi respectively. The pressure drop of the slotted metallic membrane is consistently lower than the cordierite layers at comparable face velocities, being ∼70% lower than the 100 cpsi sample and ∼35% lower than the 300 cpsi sample at face velocities of 0.046 m s−1.
The advantage of the low filter pressure drop of Micropore™ slotted metallic membrane and its competitive filtration performance comparing to more conventional cordierite DPF substrates makes it a potential alternative for future particulate filters.
Authors
Topic
Citation
Lin, C., Hillman, B., and Williams, A., "Performance of Slotted Metallic Membranes as Particulate Filters," SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-2807, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2807.Also In
References
- Matti Marucq , M. Chemical Characterization of Particulate Emissions from Diesel Engines: A Review Journal of Aerosol Science 38 2007 1079 1118
- Mayer , A. , Czerwinski , J. , Kasper , M. , Ulrich , A. et al. Metal Oxide Particle Emissions from Diesel and Petrol Engines SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0841 2012 10.4271/2012-01-0841
- Brugge D. , Durant J.L. , Rioux C. Near-Highway Pollutants in Motor Vehicle Exhaust: A Review of Epidemiologic Evidence of Cardiac and Pulmonary Health Risks Environmental Health 2007 6 23 10.1186/1476
- Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 On Type Approval of Motor Vehicles with Respect to Emissions from Light Passenger and Commercial Vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on Access to Vehicle Repair and Maintenance Information 2007
- Shimoda , T. , Ito , Y. , Saito , C. , Nakatani , T. et al. Potential of a Low Pressure Drop Filter Concept for Direct Injection Gasoline Engines to Reduce Particulate Number Emission SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1241 2012 10.4271/2012-01-1241
- Koltsakis , G. , Katsaounis , D. , Markomanolakis , I. , Samaras , Z. et al. Metal Foam Substrate for DOC and DPF Applications SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0659 2007 10.4271/2007-01-0659
- Vanhaecke , E. , Pham-Huu , C. and Eouard , D. , Simulation and Experimental Measurement of Dynamic Behavior of Solid Foam Filter for Diesel Exhaust Gas Catalysis Today 2012 189 1 101 110
- Iwasaki , S. , Mizutani , T. , Miyairi , Y. , Yuuki , K. et al. New Design Concept for Diesel Particulate Filter SAE Int. J. Engines 4 1 527 536 2011 10.4271/2011-01-0603
- Holdich R. , Kosvintsev S. , Cumming I. et al. Pore Design and Engineering for Filters and Membranes Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2006 364 161 174
- Holdich , R. , Cumming , I. and Kosvintsev , S. , Slotted Pore Microfilters for Oil/Water Filtration, Fractionation and Aggressive Filtration Environments Membrane Technology 2004 3 march 2004 5 10
- Symonds J. , and Reavell K. Mass Measurement with the DMS 500 Conference Proceeding 2006 Cambridge Particle Meeting
- Barry A. A. van Setten L. , Makkee Michiel & Moulijn Jacob A. 2001 Science and technology of catalytic diesel particulate filters, Catalysis Reviews: Science and Engineering 43 4 489 564 10.1081/CR-120001810